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Relationship between Assumed Differential Socialization and Emotional Disorders in Women: A Form of Covert Social Violence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2020

Agustina María Vinagre-González Open the ORCID record for Agustina María Vinagre-González [Opens in a new window] ,
Marta Evelia Aparicio-García Open the ORCID record for Marta Evelia Aparicio-García [Opens in a new window]  and
Jesús M. Alvarado Open the ORCID record for Jesús M. Alvarado [Opens in a new window]
Agustina María Vinagre-González
Affiliation:
Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (Spain)
Marta Evelia Aparicio-García*
Affiliation:
Universidad Complutense (Spain)
Jesús M. Alvarado
Affiliation:
Universidad Complutense (Spain)
*
*Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Marta Evelia Aparicio García. Departamento de Psicología Social, del Trabajo y Diferencial de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Campus de Somosaguas, S/N. 28223 Madrid (Spain). E-mail: aparicio@psi.ucm.es
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Abstract

Women suffer different forms of violence, both explicit and covert, due to gender asymmetry. This study analyzes the relationship between the internalization of norms assigned to the female gender understood as a form of covert social violence and the presence of anxiety and depression. 286 women were evaluated with the Inventory of Concealed Social Violence (IVISEM) to measure the internalization of gender norms, the Inventory of Situations and Responses to Anxiety (ISRA), to measure anxiety, and the Three-Dimensional Depression Questionnaire (CTD) to measure depression. In addition, the possible influence of some variables such as maternity, age and marital status on the internalization of norms and on the presence of emotional alterations is discussed. The findings showed the relationship between IVISEM factors and the seven health indicators measured. Age appeared as a modulating variable in relation to cognitive anxiety and depression and marital status is related to all depression factors. The results show that women's internalization of gender norms can be understood as hidden social violence, since it was associated with high scores in anxiety and depression.

Keywords

anxietydepressiondifferential socializationsocial violence.
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 23 , 2020 , e50
Copyright
© Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2020

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Footnotes

Conflict of interest: None.

Funding Statement: This research received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

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