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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 May 2016
To record the spectral lines of stars and nebulae, photographic photometry was routinely used in the early 1900s, to be later replaced by methods employing more advanced detectors. We review the progress of planetary nebular spectroscopic studies, i.e. from the early photographic photometry, through to the 1950s photoelectric scanner observations, and finally to recent charge-coupled-device spectroscopy.