Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T07:26:49.612Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Radiative Processes and Geometry of Spectral States of Black-hole Binaries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 May 2016

A. A. Zdziarski
A. A. Zdziarski*
Affiliation:
N. Copernicus Astronomical Center, Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warszawa, Poland

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

I review radiative processes responsible for X-ray emission in the hard (low) and soft (high) spectral states of black-hole binaries. The main process in the hard state appears to be thermal Comptonization (in a hot plasma) of blackbody photons emitted by a cold disk. This is supported by correlations between the spectral index, the strength of Compton reflection, and the peak frequencies in the power-density spectrum, as well as by the frequency-dependence of Fourier-resolved spectra. Spectral variability may then be driven by the variable truncation radius of the disk. The soft state appears to correspond to the smallest truncation radii. However, the lack of high-energy cutoffs observed in the soft state implies that its main radiative process is Compton scattering of disk photons by nonthermal electrons. The bulk-motion Comptonization model for the soft state is shown to be ruled out by the data.

Type
Part I: Talks
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 195: Highly Energetic Physical Processes and Mechanisms , 2000 , pp. 153 - 170
Copyright
Copyright © Astronomical Society of the Pacific 2000 

References

Abramowicz, M. A., Chen, X., Kato, S., Lasota, J.-P., & Regev, O. 1995, ApJ, 438, L37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barret, D., et al. 1992, ApJ, 394, 615.Google Scholar
Barret, D., Olive, J. F., Boirin, L., Done, C., Skinner, G. K., & Grindlay, J. E. 2000, ApJ, in press.Google Scholar
Beloborodov, A. M. 1999a, ApJ, 510, L123.Google Scholar
Beloborodov, A. M. 1999b, in ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. 161, High Energy Processes in Accreting Black Holes, eds. Poutanen, J. & Svensson, R. (San Francisco: ASP), 295.Google Scholar
Blandford, R. D., & Payne, D. G. 1981, MNRAS, 194, 1041.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borozdin, K., Revnivtsev, M., Trudolyubov, S., Shrader, C., & Titarchuk, L. 1999, ApJ, 517, 367.Google Scholar
Böttcher, M., & Liang, E. P. 1999, ApJ, 511, L37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chakrabarti, S. K., & Titarchuk, L. G. 1995, ApJ, 455, 623.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chiang, J., Reynolds, C. S., Blaes, O. M., Nowak, M. A., Murray, N., Madejski, G. M., Marshall, H. L., & Magdziarz, P. 2000, ApJ, 528, 292.Google Scholar
Colpi, M. 1988, ApJ, 326, 223.Google Scholar
Coppi, P. S. 1999, in ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. 161, High Energy Processes in Accreting Black Holes, eds. Poutanen, J. & Svensson, R. (San Francisco: ASP), 375.Google Scholar
Cui, W. 1999, in ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. 161, High Energy Processes in Accreting Black Holes, eds. Poutanen, J. & Svensson, R. (San Francisco: ASP), 97.Google Scholar
Cui, W., Ebisawa, K., Dotani, T., & Kubota, A. 1998, ApJ, 493, L75.Google Scholar
Cui, W., Zhang, S. N., Focke, W., & Swank, J. H. 1997, ApJ, 484, 383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Done, C., Madejski, G.M., & Zycki, P. T. 2000, ApJ, in press.Google Scholar
Done, C., Mulchaey, J. S., Mushotzky, R. F., & Arnaud, K. A. 1992, ApJ, 395, 275.Google Scholar
Done, C., & Zycki, P. T. 1999, MNRAS, 305, 457.Google Scholar
Eardley, D. M., Lightman, A. P., & Shapiro, S. L. 1975, ApJ, 199, L153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ebisawa, K., Titarchuk, L., & Chakrabarti, S. K. 1996, PASJ, 48, 59.Google Scholar
Esin, A. A., McClintock, J. E., & Narayan, R. 1997, ApJ, 489, 865.Google Scholar
Esin, A. A., Narayan, R., Cui, W., Grove, J. E., & Zhang, S.-N. 1998, ApJ, 505, 854.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frontera, F., et al., in preparation.Google Scholar
Gierliński, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Done, C., Johnson, W. N., Ebisawa, K., Ueda, Y., Haardt, F., & Phlips, B. F. 1997, MNRAS, 288, 958.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gierliński, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Poutanen, J., Coppi, P., Ebisawa, K., & Johnson, W. N. 1999, MNRAS, 309, 496 (G99).Google Scholar
Gilfanov, M., Churazovi, E., & Revnivtsev, M. 1999, A&A, 352, 182 (GCR99).Google Scholar
Goldwurm, A., et al. 1996, A&A, 310, 857.Google Scholar
Grove, J. E., Johnson, W. N., Kroeger, R. A., McNaron-Brown, K., & Skibo, J. G. 1998, ApJ, 500, 899 (G98).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haardt, F., Done, C., Matt, G., & Fabian, A. C. 1993, ApJ, 411, L95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harmon, B. A., Wilson, C. A., Tavani, M., Zhang, S. N., Rubin, B. C., Paciesas, W. S., Ford, E. C., & Kaaret, P. 1996, A&AS, 120, C197.Google Scholar
Hua, X.-M., Kazanas, D., & Titarchuk, L. 1997, ApJ, 482, L57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, W. N., McNaron-Brown, K., Kurfess, J. D., Zdziarski, A. A., Magdziarz, P., & Gehrels, N. 1997, ApJ, 482, 173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kazanas, D., Hua, X.-M., & Titarchuk, L. 1997, ApJ, 480, 735.Google Scholar
Laurent, P., & Titarchuk, L. 1999, ApJ, 511, 289 (LT99).Google Scholar
Lee, J. C., Fabian, A. C., Reynolds, C. S., Iwasawa, K., & Brandt, W. N. 1998, MNRAS, 300, 583.Google Scholar
Li, T. P., Feng, Y. X., & Chen, L. 1999, ApJ, 521, 789.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lightman, A. P., & White, T. R. 1988, ApJ, 335, 57.Google Scholar
Magdziarz, P., & Zdziarski, A. A. 1995, MNRAS, 273, 837.Google Scholar
Makishima, K. 1986, in The Physics of Accretion onto Compact Objects, eds. Mason, K. O., Watson, M. G., & White, N. E. (Berlin: Springer), 249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miyamoto, S., Kimura, K., Kitamoto, S., Dotani, T., & Ebisawa, K. 1991, ApJ, 383, 784.Google Scholar
Muchotrzeb, B., & Paczyński, B. 1982, Acta Astron., 32, 1.Google Scholar
Narayan, R., & Yi, I. 1995, ApJ, 452, 710.Google Scholar
Natalucci, L., Bazzano, A., Cocci, M., Ubertini, P., Heise, J., Kuulkers, E., in ‘t Zand, J. J. M., & Smith, M. J. S. 2000, ApJ, submitted.Google Scholar
Piraino, S., Santangelo, A., Ford, E. C., & Kaaret, P. 1999, A&A, 349, L77.Google Scholar
Pounds, K. A., Done, C., & Osborne, J. P. 1995, MNRAS, 277, L5.Google Scholar
Poutanen, J., & Coppi, P. S. 1998, Physica Scripta, T77, 57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poutanen, J., & Fabian, A. C. 1999, MNRAS, 306, L31.Google Scholar
Poutanen, J., Krolik, J. H., & Ryde, F. 1997, MNRAS, 292, L21.Google Scholar
Psaltis, D., & Lamb, F. K. 1999, in ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. 161, High Energy Processes in Accreting Black Holes, eds. Poutanen, J. & Svensson, R. (San Francisco: ASP), 410.Google Scholar
Revnivtsev, M., Gilfanov, M., & Churazov, E. 1999, A&A, 347, L23.Google Scholar
Revnivtsev, M., Gilfanov, M., & Churazov, E. 2000, A&A, in press (RGC00).Google Scholar
Shapiro, S. L., Lightman, A. P., & Eardley, D. M. 1976, ApJ, 204, 187.Google Scholar
Shrader, C. R., & Titarchuk, L. 1998, ApJ, 499, L31.Google Scholar
Shrader, C. R., & Titarchuk, L. 1999, ApJ, 521, L121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sunyaev, R. A., & Titarchuk, L. G. 1980, A&A, 86, 121.Google Scholar
Sunyaev, R. A., & Trümper, J. 1979, Nature, 279, 506.Google Scholar
Svensson, R. 1987, MNRAS, 227, 403.Google Scholar
Thorne, K. S., & Price, R. H. 1975, ApJ, 195, L101.Google Scholar
Titarchuk, L., Mastichiadis, A., & Kylafis, N. D. 1997, ApJ, 487, 834.Google Scholar
Tomsick, J. A., Kaaret, P., Kroeger, R. A., & Remillard, R. A. 1999, ApJ, 512, 892.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ueda, Y., Ebisawa, K., & Done, C. 1994, PASJ, 46, 107.Google Scholar
Ueda, Y., Inoue, H., Tanaka, Y., Ebisawa, K., Nagase, F., Kotani, T., & Gehrels, N. 1998, ApJ, 492, 782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wardziński, G., & Zdziarski, A. A. 2000, MNRAS, in press.Google Scholar
Weaver, K. A., Krolik, J. H., & Pier, E. A. 1998, ApJ, 498, 213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wozniak, P. R., Zdziarski, A. A., Smith, D., Madejski, G. M., & Johnson, W. N. 1998, MNRAS, 299, 449.Google Scholar
Zdziarski, A. A. 1998, MNRAS, 296, L51.Google Scholar
Zdziarski, A. A. 1999, in ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. 161, High Energy Processes in Accreting Black Holes, eds. Poutanen, J. & Svensson, R. (San Francisco: ASP), 16 (Z99).Google Scholar
Zdziarski, A. A., Lubiński, P., & Smith, D. A. 1999, MNRAS, 303, L11 (ZLS99).Google Scholar
Zdziarski, A. A., Poutanen, J., Mikolajewska, J., Gierliński, M., Ebisawa, K., & Johnson, W. N. 1998, MNRAS, 301, 435 (Z98).Google Scholar
Zdziarski, A. A., et al., in preparation.Google Scholar
Zycki, P. T., Done, C., & Smith, D. A. 1998, ApJ, 496, L25.Google Scholar
Zycki, P. T., Done, C., & Smith, D. A. 1999, MNRAS, 305, 231.Google Scholar