Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T11:39:38.754Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Deficits of Chronic Schizophrenia in Relation to Long-Term Hospitalisation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

P. John Mathai  and
P. S. Gopinath
P. John Mathai*
Affiliation:
Medical College Hospital, Kottayam-8., Kerala, India
P. S. Gopinath
Affiliation:
National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
*
∗Correspondence
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Eighty chronic schizophrenic and 16 manic-depressive psychotic patients conforming to Research Diagnostic Criteria were examined in terms of their mental state, cognitive functioning, current behaviour, and neurological status. They comprised out-patients, day-care patients, and long-stay in-patients belonging to two mental hospitals with different social conditions. Assessed deficits were not significantly related to record variables such as age, duration of Illness, duration of hospitalisation, or treatment received. Analysis of the different groups of patients reveals that long-term hospital care has had little effect on the deficits of chronic schizophrenia, and suggests that these are integral features of the disease process.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 148 , Issue 5 , May 1986 , pp. 509 - 516
Copyright
Copyright © 1986 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andreasen, N. C. (1981) Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Iowa: Iowa Hospital.Google Scholar
Andreasen, N. C. & Oslen, S. A. (1982) Negative venus positive schizophrenia—definition and validation. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 789–794.Google Scholar
Barton, R. (1965) Proposed scale for rating psychiatric hospitals. In Psychiatric Hospital care (ed. Freeman, H.). London: Bailliere, Tindall & Cassell.Google Scholar
Bhaskakan, K., Dhavan, N. & Mohan, Y. (1972) A study of the effects of prolonged hospitalisation on schizophrenics. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 14, 106–113.Google Scholar
Brown, G. W., Bone, M., & Wing, J. K. (1966) Schizophrenia and social care. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Crow, T. J. (1980) Molecular pathology of schizophrenia: More than one disease process? British Medical Journal, 280, 66–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E. & Mchugh, P. R. (1975) Mini Mental State—A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189–198.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnstone, E. C., Owens, D. G. C., Gold, A., Crow, T. J. & Macmillan, J. F. (1981) Institutionalization and defects of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 195–203.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnstone, E. C., Owens, D. G. C., Frtth, C. D. & Calvert, L. M. (1985). Institutionalisation and the outcome of functional psychoses. British Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 36–44.Google Scholar
Kalinowsky, L. B., Hoch, P. H. & Lewis, N. D. C. (1952) Shock Treatment. Psychosurgery and other Somatic Treatments in Psychiatry (2nd ed.) New York/London: Grune & Stratton.Google Scholar
Kraepelin, E. (1919) Dementia praecox and paraphrenia. Edinburgh: Livingstone.Google Scholar
Krawiecka, M., Goldberg, D. & Vaughn, M. (1977) Standardised psychiatric assessment scale for chronic psychotic patients. Acta Psychlatrica Scandanavia, 55, 299–308.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leff, J. P. (1982) Chronic syndromes of schizophrenia. In Handbook of Psychiatry, 3rd. ed., (eds. Wing, J. K., & Wing, L.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lehman, H. E. (1980) Schizophrenia—Chnical features. In Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry—III, Vol. 2, (eds. Kaplan, H. I., Fteedman, A. M. & Sadock, B. J.), Baltimoie: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Marsden, C. D. (1976) Cerebral atrophy and cognitive impairment in chronic schizophrenia. Lancet, ii, 1079–1080.Google Scholar
Maser, J. D. & Keith, S. J. (1983) CT. Scan and schizophrenia—Report on a workshop. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 9, 265–283.Google Scholar
Owens, D. G. C. & Johnstone, E. C. (1980). The disabilities of chronic schizophrenia—their nature and the factors contributing to their development. British Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 384–395.Google Scholar
Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J. & Robins, E. (1978) Research diagnostic criteria: rationale and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 35, 773–782.Google Scholar
Taylor, M. A. & Abrams, R. (1984). Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 141, 196–201.Google ScholarPubMed
Weinberger, D. R., Wagner, R. L. & Wyatt, R. J. (1983) Neuropathological studies of schizophrenia—A selective review. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 9, 193–212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wing, J. K. (1978) Schizophrenia—Towards a new synthesis. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Wing, J. K., Brown, G. W. (1961) Social treatment of chronic schizophrenia—A comparative survey of three mental hospitals. Journal of Mental Science, 107, 847–861.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wing, J. K., Brown, G. W. (1970) Institutionalism and schizophrenia. London: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.