Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T08:15:17.384Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Infant Psychiatry: Its Relevance for the General Psychiatrist

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

K. Minde  and
D. Benoit
K. Minde*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, The Montreal Children's Hospital, 4018 St Catherine Street, West, Westmount, Quebec, Canada H3Z 1P2
D. Benoit
Affiliation:
Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario
*
∗Correspondence
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The study of infancy can provide us with new models for the genesis and treatment of psychiatric disorders. It allows us to observe development and can elucidate the contribution the internal and external world make to mental health and disorder. It can also help to define and describe developmental pathways which may be instrumental in creating a resilient or vulnerable adult.

Type
Review Article
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 159 , Issue 2 , August 1991 , pp. 173 - 184
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. D., Waters, E., et al (1978) Patterns of Attachment. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn, revised) (DSM–III–R). Washington, DC: APA.Google Scholar
Amsterdam, B. K. (1972) Mirror self-image reactions before age 2. Developmental Psychology, 5, 297–305.Google Scholar
Anders, T. F. (1989) Clinical syndromes, relationship disturbances, and their assessment. In Relationship Disturbances in Early Childhood (eds Sameroff, A. J. & Emde, R. N.). New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Arend, R., Gove, F. L. & Sroufe, L. A. (1979) Continuity of individual adaptation from infancy to kindergarten: a predictive study of ego-resiliency and curiosity in preschoolers. Child Development, 50, 950–959.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aslin, R. B. (1987) Visual and auditory development in infancy. In Handbook of Infant Development, 2nd edn (ed. Doniger Osofsky, J. D.), pp. 5–97. New York: Wiley Interscience.Google Scholar
Bax, M. (1980) Sleep disturbances in the growing child. British Medical Journal, 280, 1177–1179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belsky, J., Robins, E. & Gamble, W. (1984) The determinants of parental competence: toward a conceptual theory. In Beyond the Dyad (ed. Lewis, M.), pp. 32–54. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Benoit, D., Zeanah, C. Z. & Barton, M. L. (1989) Maternal attachment disturbances in failure to thrive. Infant Mental Health Journal, 10, 185–202.3.0.CO;2-0>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benoit, D., Boucher, C., Zeanah, C., et al (1991) Sleep disorders in early childhood: contribution of maternal past attachments. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berg, W. K. & Berg, K. M. (1987) Psychophysiological development in infancy: state, startle and attention. In Handbook of Infant Development (2nd edn) (ed Doniger Osofsky, J. D.), pp. 238–317. New York: Wiley Interscience.Google Scholar
Berwick, D. M. (1980) Non-organic failure to thrive. Pediatric Review, 1, 265–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berwick, D. M., Levy, J. C. & Kleinerman, R. (1982) Failure to thrive: diagnostic yield of hospitalization. Archives of Diseases in Children, 57, 347–351.Google Scholar
Bithoney, W. G. & Dubowitz, H. (1985) Organic concomitants of non-organic failure to thrive: implications for research. In New Directions in Failure to Thrive: Implications for Research and Practice (ed. Dretar, D.), pp. 47–68. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Bithoney, W. G. & Newberger, E. H. (1987) Child and family attributes in failure to thrive. Journal Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, 8, 32–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bowlby, J. (1951) Maternal Care and Mental Health. Geneva: World Health Organization.Google Scholar
Bowlby, J. (1958) The nature of the child's tie to his mother. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 39, 356–373.Google Scholar
Bowlby, J. (1973) Attachment and Loss: Vol. 2. Separation, Anxiety and Anger. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Bowlby, J. (1982) Attachment and loss: retrospect and prospect. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 52, 664–678.Google Scholar
Bowlby, J. (1988) Clinical Applications of Attachment Theory. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Brazelton, T. B., Koslowski, B. & Main, M. (1974) The origins of reciprocity: the early mother-infant interaction. In The Effects of the Infant on Its Caregiver (eds Lewis, M. & Rosenblum, L. A.). New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Bretherton, I. (1985) Attachment theory: retrospect and prospect. In Growing Points of Attachment Theory and Research (eds Bretherton, I. & Waters, E.). SRCD Monographs , 50, 3–35.Google Scholar
Brown, G. W., Harris, T. O. & Bifulco, A. (1985) Long-term effect of early loss of parent. In Depression in Young People Developmental and Clinical Perspectives (eds Rutter, M., Izard, C. & Read, P.), pp. 251–296. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Bruenlin, D. C., Desai, V. J., Stone, M. E., et al (1983) Failure to thrive with no organic etiology: a critical review. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2, 25–49.Google Scholar
Burlingham, D. & Freud, A. (1943) Infants Without Families. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Buss, A. H. & Plomin, R. (1984) Temperament: Early Developing Personality Traits. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Call, J. D., Galenson, E. & Tyson, R. L. (1983) Frontiers of Infant Psychiatry I. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Call, J. D., Galenson, E. & Tyson, R. L. (1984) Frontiers of Infant Psychiatry II. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Casey, P. (1988) Failure-to-thrive: transitional perspective. Journal of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, 8, 37–78.Google Scholar
Chatoor, I. (1987) A multidisciplinary treatment approach to complex feeding disorders in technology dependent infants. Presented at the 5th Biennual Training Institute, National Institute of Clinical Infant Studies. Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Cramer, B. B. (1987) Objective and subjective aspects of parent-infant relations: an attempt at correlation between infant studies and clinical work. In Handbook of Infant Development, 2nd edn (ed. Doniger Osofsky, J. D.), pp. 1037–1057. New York: Wiley Interscience.Google Scholar
Crittenden, P. (1987) Relationships at risk. In Clinical Implications of Attachment (eds Belsky, J. & Nezworski, T.). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Crowell, J. & Feldman, S. (1988) The effects of mothers' internal models of relationships and children's behavioral and developmental status of mother-child interaction. Child Development, 59, 1273–1285.Google Scholar
Drotar, D., (ed.) (1985) New Directions in Failure to Thrive – Implications for Research and Practice. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Drotar, D. (ed.) & Malone, C. A. (1982) Psychological consultation on a pediatric infant division. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 7, 23–32.Google Scholar
Egeland, B. & Farber, E. A. (1984) Infant-mother attachment: factors related to its development and changes over time. Child Development, 55, 753–771.Google Scholar
Eisenberg, L. (1977) Development as a unifying concept in psychiatry. British Journal of Psychiatry, 131, 225–237.Google Scholar
Emde, R. N. (1987) Infant mental health: clinical dilemmas, the expansion of meaning, and opportunities. In Handbook of Infant Development, 2nd edn (ed. Doniger Osofsky, J. D.), pp. 1297–1320. New York: Wiley Interscience.Google Scholar
Emde, R. N., Gaensbauer, T. J. & Harmon, R. J. (1976) Emotional expression in infancy. A behavioural study. Psychological Issues, 10 (whole 37).Google Scholar
Erikson, E. (1963) Childhood and Society. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Erikson, M. F., Sroufe, L. A. & Egeland, B. (1985) The relationship between quality of attachment and behavior problems in preschool in a high-risk sample. In Growing Points in Attachment Theory and Research (eds Bretherton, I. & Waters, E.). SRCD Monographs , 50, 147–166.Google Scholar
Fraiberg, S. (1959) The Magic Years: Understanding and Handling the Problems of Early Childhood. New York: Scribner.Google Scholar
George, C., Kaplan, N. & Main, M. (1985) An Adult Attachment Interview, (unpublished manuscript). University of California, Berkeley, CA.Google Scholar
Goldsmith, H. H., Buss, A. H., Plomin, R., et al (1987) Round table: What is temperament? Four approaches. Child Development, 58, 505–529.Google Scholar
Graham, P., Rutter, M. & George, S. (1973) Temperamental characteristics of behavior disorders in children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 43, 328–339.Google Scholar
Grossmann, K., Grossmann, K. E., Spangler, G., et al (1985) Maternal sensitivity and newborns' orientation reponses as related to quality of attachment in Northern Germany. In Growing Points of Attachment Theory and Research (eds Bretherton, I. & Waters, E.). SRCD Monographs , 50, 233–256.Google Scholar
Hannaway, P. J. (1976) Failure to thrive: a study of 100 infants and children. Clinical Pediatrics, 9, 86–91.Google Scholar
Hodges, J. & Tizard, B. (1989) Social and family relationships of ex-institutional adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 77–97.Google Scholar
Hofer, M. (1984) Relationships as regulators: a psychobiologic perspective on bereavement. Psychosomatic Medicine, 46, 183–195.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holmes, G. L. (1979) Evaluation and prognosis is non-organic failure to thrive. Southern Medical Journal, 79, 693–698.Google Scholar
Homer, C. & Ludwig, S. (1981) Categorization of etiology of failure to thrive. American Journal of Diseases of Children, 135, 848–851.Google ScholarPubMed
Kaye, K. (1982) The Mental and Social Life of Babies: How Parents Create Persons. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Lamb, M. E., Thompson, R. A., Gardner, W., et al (1985) Infant-Mother Attachment. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Leff, J. L. & Vaughn, C. E. (1981) The role of maintenance therapy and relatives' expressed emotion in relapse of schizophrenia: a two year follow up. British Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 102–104.Google Scholar
Lewis, M. & Brooks-Gunn, J. (1979) Social Cognition and the Acquisition of Self. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Lewis, M., Feiring, C., McGuffog, C., et al (1984) Predicting psycho–pathology in six-year-olds from early social relation. Child Development, 55, 123–126.Google Scholar
Main, M. & Goldwyn, R. (1984) Predicting rejection of her infant from mother's representation of her own experience: implications for the abused–abusing intergenerational cycle. Child Abuse and Neglect, 8, 203–217.Google Scholar
Main, M., Kaplan, N. & Cassidy, J. (1985) Security in infancy, childhood and adulthood: a move to the level of representation. In Growing Points of Attachment Theory and Research (eds Bretherton, I. & Waters, E.), SRCD Monographs , 50, 66–104.Google Scholar
Matas, L., Arend, R. A. & Sroufe, L. A. (1978) Continuity of adaptation in the second year: the relationship between quality of attachment and later competence. Child Development, 49, 547–556.Google Scholar
Maziade, M., Caperaa, P., Laplante, B., et al (1985) Value of difficult temperament among 7-year-olds in the general population for predicting psychiatric diagnosis at age 12. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 943–946.Google Scholar
McCall, R. B. (1981) Nature-nurture and the two realms of development: a proposed integration with respect to mental development. Child Development, 52, 1–12.Google Scholar
Minde, K. (1987) The relevance of infant psychiatry to the understanding of adult psychopathology. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 32, 513–517.Google Scholar
Minde, K. (1988) Sleep disorders in children: diagnosis and treatment. Contemporary Pediatrics, 3, 14–22.Google Scholar
Minde, K. (1991) The effect of disordered parenting on the development of children. In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: A Comprehensive Textbook (ed. Lewis, M.) pp. 394–401. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Minde, K. & Minde, R. (1986) Infant Psychiatry: An Introductory Textbook. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Minde, K., Perrotta, M. & Hellmann, M. (1988) Impact of delayed development in premature infants on mother-infant interaction: a prospective investigation. Journal of Pediatrics, 112, 136–142.Google Scholar
Minde, K. & Stewart, D. (1988) Psychiatric services in the neonatal intensive care unit. In Psychiatric Consultation in Childbirth Settings (ed. Cohen, R.), pp. 151–164. New York: Plenum.Google Scholar
Minde, K., Goldberg, S., Perrotta, M., et al (1989) Continuities and discontinuities in the development of 64 very small premature infants to four years of age. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 391–404.Google Scholar
Pollitt, E. & Leibel, R. (1980) Biological and social correlates of failure to thrive. In Social and Biological Predictors of Nutritional Status, Physical Growth, and Neurological Development (eds Greene, L. & Johnson, E. E.), pp. 173–200. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Provence, S. & Lipton, R. (1962) Infants in Institutions. New York: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Richman, N. (1981) A community survey of the characteristics of the 1–2 year-olds with sleep disruptions. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 20, 281–291.Google Scholar
Richman, N., Stevenson, J. & Graham, P. J. (1982) Pre-School to School. A Behavioural Study. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Robins, L. (1978) Study childhood predictors of adult antisocial behavior: replications from longitudinal studies. Psychological Medicine, 8, 611–622.Google Scholar
Rothbart, M. K. (1981) Measurement of temperament in infancy. Child Development, 52, 569–578.Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1981) Psychological sequelae of brain damage in children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 1533–1544.Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1986) Child psychiatry: the interface between clinical and developmental research. Psychological Medicine, 16, 151–169.Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1989) Pathways from childhood to adult life. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 23–51.Google Scholar
Sameroff, A. J. (1977) Foreword. In Temperament and Development (by Thomas, A. & Chess, S.), pp. vii–xi. New York: Brunner/Mazel.Google Scholar
Sameroff, A. J. (1986) Environmental context of child development. Journal of Pediatrics, 109, 113–117.Google Scholar
Sameroff, A. J. & Emde, R. N. (1989) Relationship Disturbances in Early Childhood: A Developmental Approach. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Shaffer, D., Campbell, M., Cantwell, D., et al (1989) Child and adolescent psychiatric disorders in DSM IV: issues facing the work group. Journal American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 830–835.Google Scholar
Shapiro, V., Fraiberg, S. & Adelson, E. (1976) Infant-parent psychotherapy on behalf of a child in a critical nutritional state. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 31, 461–491.Google Scholar
Sills, R. H. (1978) Failure to thrive, the role of the clinical and laboratory evaluation. American Journal of Diseases of Children, 132, 967–969.Google Scholar
Spitz, R. (1945) Hospitalism: an inquiry into the genesis of psychiatric conditions in early childhood. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 1, 53–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spitz, R. (1946) Hospitalism: a follow-up report. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 2, 113–117.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sroufe, L. A. (1989) Relationships and relationship disturbances. In Relationship Disturbances in Early Childhood (eds Sameroff, A. J. & Emde, R. N.), pp. 97–124. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Sroufe, L. A., Fox, N. & Pancake, V. (1983) Attachment and dependency in developmental perspective. Child Development, 54, 1615–1627.Google Scholar
Sroufe, L. A. & Fleeson, J. (1988) Relationships within families: mutual influences. In The Coherence of Family Relationships (eds Hinde, R. A. & Stevenson-Hinde, J.), pp. 27–47. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Stern, D. N. (1985) The Interpersonal World of the Infant: A View from Psychoanalysis and Developmental Psychology. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Stern, D. N., Barnett, R. K. & Spieker, S. (1983) Early transmission of affect: some research issues. In Frontiers of Infant Psychiatry I (eds Call, J. D., Galenson, E. & Tyson, R. L.), pp. 74–86. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Tanguay, P. (1989) Games infants play. American Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 19.Google Scholar
Terr, L. (1988) Case study: what happens to early memories of trauma? A study of twenty children under age five at the time of documented traumatic events. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 27, 96–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, A. & Chess, S. (1977) Temperament and Development. New York: Brunner/Mazel.Google Scholar
Tizard, B. & Hodges, J. (1978) The effect of early institutional scoring on the development of eight year old children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 19, 99–118.Google Scholar
Van Ijzendoorn, M. H. & Kroonenberg, P. M. (1988) Cross-cultural patterns of attachment: a meta-analysis of the strange situation. Child Development, 59, 147–156.Google Scholar
Vaughn, B., Bradley, C., Joffe, L., et al (1987) Maternal characteristics measured prenatally predict ratings of temperamental “Difficulty” on the Carey Infant Temperament Questionnaire. Developmental Psychology, 23, 152–161.Google Scholar
Volkmar, F. R., Stier, D. M. & Cohen, D. J. (1985) Age of recognition of pervasive developmental disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 1450–1452.Google Scholar
Volkmar, F. R., & Cohen, D. J. (1988) Diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorders. In Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, vol. 11 (eds Lahey, B. & Kazdin, A.). New York, Plenum.Google Scholar
Washington, J., Minde, K. & Goldberg, S. (1986) Temperament in preterm infants: style and stability. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 25, 493–502.Google Scholar
Winnicott, D. (1965) The Maturational Processes and the Facilitating Environment. New York: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Woolston, J. L. (1983) Eating disorders in infancy and early childhood. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 22, 114–121.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woolston, J. L. (1985) Diagnostic classification: the current challenge in failure to thrive syndrome research. In New Directions in Failure to Thrive – Implications for Research and Practice (ed. Drotar, D.), pp. 225–233. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.