Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T05:50:33.732Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Personality, Body Build and Adrenocortical Activity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

Robert Taylor Segraves*
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A.

Extract

In recent years research workers have shown a relative lack of interest in the constitutional correlates of normal personality. However, recent findings in the field of psychosomatic medicine suggest the need for a careful reexamination of this field of research. Several studies have indicated that breast cancer, lung cancer, and myocardial infarction patients are more extraverted and less neurotic than hospital control group patients (Eysenck, 1965). Also, duodenal ulcer patients have been reported as being both introverted and neurotic (Kanter and Hazelton, 1964).

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1970 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Albert, D., and Zeidman, I. (1962). ‘Relation of glucocorticoid activity of steroids to number of metastases.’ Cancer Research, 22, 1297–300.Google ScholarPubMed
Anbari, N., Shklar, G., and Cataldo, E. (1965). ‘The effect of systemically administered cortisone on salivary gland carcinogenesis in the rat.’ Journal of Dental Research, 44, 1056.Google Scholar
Bennett, I. L., and Wood, S. (1962), ‘Principles of neoplasm.’ Principles of Internal Medicine (eds. Harrison, T. R., Adams, R. D., Bennett, I. L., Resnick, W. H., Thorn, G. W., and Wintrobe, M. M.). London.Google Scholar
Bridges, P. K., and Jones, M. T. (1968). ‘Personality, physique and the adrenocortical response to a psychological stress.’ British Journal of Psychiatry, 113, 601–5.Google Scholar
Bulbrook, R. D., and Hayward, J. L. (1967). ‘Abnormal urinary steroid excretion and subsequent breast cancer.’ Lancet, ii, 519–22.Google Scholar
Bulbrook, R. D., and Hayward, J. L., Spicer, C. C., and Thomas, S. S. (1962). ‘Abnormal excretion of urinary steroids by women with early breast cancer.’ Lancet, ii, 1238–40.Google Scholar
Carter, C. D. (1969). ‘Genetics of common disorders.’ British Medical Bulletin, 25, 52–7.Google Scholar
Coppen, A. (1966). ‘The Marke-Nyman Temperament Scale: an English translation.’ British Journal of Medical Psychology, 39, 55–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coppen, A., Julian, T., Fry, D. E., and Marks, V. (1967). ‘Body and urinary steroid excretion in mental illness.’ British Journal of Psychiatry, 113, 269–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coppen, A. and Metcalfe, M. (1963). ‘Cancer and extraversion.’ British Medical Journal, i, 1819.Google Scholar
Cortes, J. B., and Gatti, F. M. (1965). ‘Physique and self-description of temperament.’ Journal of Consultative Psychology, 29, 432–9.Google Scholar
Edwards, D. A. W., Hammond, W. H., Healey, M. J. R., Tanner, J. M., and Whitehouse, R. H. (1955). ‘Design and accuracy of calipers for measuring subcutaneous tissue thickness.’ British Journal of Nutrition, 9, 133143.Google Scholar
Endroczi, E., and Lessak, K. (1962). ‘Effect of hypothalamic and brain stem structure stimulation on pituitary-adrenocortical function.’ Acta physiologica Hungarica, 24, 6777.Google Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. (1965). Smoking, Health, and Personality. London.Google Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. (1967). The Biological Basis of Personality. Springfield.Google Scholar
Eysenck, S. B. G. (1960). ‘Social class, sex, and response to a five-part personality inventory.’ Educ. Psychol. Measur., 20, 4754.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ganong, W. F. (1963). ‘The central nervous system and the synthesis and release of adrenocorticotrophic hormone.’ Advances in Endocrinology (ed. Nalbander, A. V.) Urbana, Illinois.Google Scholar
Goy, R. W. (1968). ‘Organizing effects of androgen on the behaviour of rhesus monkeys.’ Endocrinology and Human Behaviour (ed. Michael, R. P.), London.Google Scholar
Henkin, R. I., Daly, R. L., and Ojeman, G. A. (1966). ‘On the action of steroid hormones on the central nervous system in man.’ Journal of Clinical Investigation, 45, 1021–2.Google Scholar
James, V. H. T., and deJong, M. (1961). ‘The use of tetramethyl-ammonium hydroxide in the Zimmerman reaction.’ Journal of Clinical Pathology, 14, 425–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanter, V. B., and Hazelton, J. E. (1964). ‘An attempt to measure some aspects of personality in young men with duodenal ulcer by means of questionnaires and a projective test.’ Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 8, 297309.Google Scholar
Kretschmer, E. (1936). Physique and Character. London.Google Scholar
Lindegard, B., and Nyman, E. (1956). ‘Interrelations between psychologic, somatologic, and endocrine dimensions.’ Bodyhuild, Body-function, and Personality (ed. Lindegard, B.).Google Scholar
Mangili, G., Motta, M., and Martini, L. (1966). ‘Control of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion.’ Neuroendocrinology (eds. Martini, L. and Ganong, W. F.). London.Google Scholar
Marmorston, J. (1966). ‘Urinary hormone metabolite levels in patients with cancer of the breast, prostrate, and lung.’ Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 125, 959–73.Google Scholar
Mason, J. W. (1968). ‘Overall hormone balance as a key to endocrine organization.’ Psychosomatic Medicine, 30, 774–90.Google Scholar
Montagu, W. F. A. (1960). A Handbook of Anthropometry, Springfield, Illinois.Google Scholar
Rees, W. L. (1960). ‘Constitutional factors and abnormal behaviour,’ Handbook of Abnormal Psychology (ed. Eysenck, H. J.) New York.Google Scholar
Sawyer, C. H. (1966). ‘Neural mechanisms in the steroid feedback regulation of sexual behaviour and pituitary-gonad functions.’ Brain and Behaviour, Vol. 3, The Brain and Gonadal Function. (eds. Gorski, R. A. and Whalen, R. E.), Berkeley.Google Scholar
Sheldon, H. H. (1949). Varieties of Delinquent Youth. New York.Google Scholar
Shields, J. (1962). Monozygotic Twins Brought Up Apart and Brought Up Together. London.Google Scholar
Shklar, G. (1966). ‘Cortisone and hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.’ Cancer Research, 26, 2461–3.Google Scholar
Sleisenger, M. H. (1962). ‘Introduction to the study of gastro-duodenal disease.’ Principles of Internal Medicine (eds. Harrison, T. R., Adams, R. D., Bennett, I. L., Resnik, W. H., Thorn, G. W., and Wintrobe, M. M.). London.Google Scholar
Slusher, M. A., and Hyde, J. E. (1961). ‘Inhibition of adrenal corticosteroid release by brain stem stimulation.’ Endocrinology, 68, 773–82.Google Scholar
Tanner, J. M. (1951). ‘Current advances in the study of physique.’ Lancet, i, 475578.Google Scholar
Varley, H. (1967). Practical Clinical Biochemistry. London.Google Scholar
Walker, B. N. (1962). ‘Body build and behaviour in young children: body build and nursery school teacher's ratings.’ Monograph of the Society for Research in Child Development, 27, 3, 84.Google Scholar
Werk, E. E., and Sholiton, L. J. (1960). ‘Adrenocortical function in carcinoma of the lung.’ Cancer, 13, 469481.Google Scholar
Woodbury, D. M., and Vernadakis, A. (1967). ‘Influence of hormones on brain behaviour.’ Neuroendocrinology (eds. Martini, L. and Ganong, W. F.). New York.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.