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The Irish Viceroyalty in the Restoration Period

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2009

J. C. Beckett
J. C. Beckett
Affiliation:
The Queen's University, Belfast
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Extract

In 1660 someone transcribed into the ‘Town Book’ of Belfast a copy of ‘Verses presented to General Monck’:

Advance, George Monck, and Monck St George shall be,

England's restorer to its liberty,

Scotland's protector, Ireland's president,

Reducing all to a free parliament;

And if thou dost intend the other thing,

Go on, and all shall cry God save the king.

Type
Research Article
Information
Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , Volume 20 , December 1970 , pp. 53 - 72
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Historical Society 1970

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References

page 53 note 1 Young, R. M. (ed.), The Town Book of the corporation of Belfast, 1613–1816 (Belfast, 1892), p. 79.Google Scholar

page 55 note 1 Sir Robert Southwell to Ormond, 7 Feb. 1680 (H.M.C. Ormonde, New Series, iv, 578–79); Francis Gwynn to Ormond, 7 Feb. 1680 (ibid., v, 271).

page 56 note 1 Mountjoy, lord deputy at the accession of James I, became lord lieutenant in May 1603 and retained the title until his death; but, during this period, he was an absentee and Ireland was governed by lord deputies. Wentworth was appointed lord lieutenant in January 1641 (sworn in, 18 March); but he left Ireland early in April and never returned (F. M. Powicke and E. B. Fryde (ed.), Handbook of British Chronology (2nd ed, 1961), pp. 158–59).

page 56 note 2 So far as the sequence of events is concerned the following account of Ormond's removal is based mainly on Carte, Thomas, Life of James, First Duke of Ormonde (3 vols, London, 1735–1736), ii, pp. 346–78.Google Scholar

page 57 note 1 Charles II to Ormond, [13] Sept. 1667 (Carte, , Ormonde (London, 1735–1736), ii, p. 353). Throughout this paper, dates are given in new style for the years, in old style for the days of the month. Spelling and punctuation of passages quoted have been modernized.Google Scholar

page 57 note 2 Clarendon to Ormond, 24 Sept. 1667 (ibid., ii, appendix, p. 38).

page 58 note 1 Carte, Ormonde, ii, p. 356–60.

page 58 note 2 Note, for example, the failure of Wheeler's attack on Ormond in the house of commons in March 1668 (ibid., ii, p. 364).

page 58 note 3 Ormond to Ossory, 24 Jan. 1668 (ibid., ii, appendix, pp. 51–52); ibid., ii, p. 365.

page 58 note 4 ibid., ii, p. 365. Carte asserts that Buckingham induced the king to write an encouraging letter to Orrery, lest the latter should fear to take sides against the lord lieutenant. But the letter itself (ibid., ii, appendix, p. 50) 0gives no direct support to this statement: it is dated 30 Nov. 1667 and is simply an assurance that Orrery will not be adversely affected by ‘the late change’ (i.e. the dismissal of Clarendon).

page 58 note 5 Ormond to Orrery, 10 Mar. 1668; Orrery to Ormond, 13 Mar., 17 Mar. 1668 (Carte, Ormonde, ii, appendix, pp. 55, 56, 58–59).

page 58 note 6 Ormond to Ossory, 12 Nov. 1667, 24 Jan., 25 Feb. 1668 (ibid., ii, appendix, pp. 44–45, 51–52, 54).

page 58 note 7 Ormond to the king, 4 Dec. 1667 (H.M.C. Ormonde, New Series, iii, pp. 281–82); the king to the lord lieutenant, 7 Feb. 1668 (Cal. S. P., Ire., 1666–69, pp. 572–73).

page 59 note 1 Burghclere, Ormonde, ii, pp. 146–47.

page 59 note 2 Ormond to Ossory, 19 May 1668 (Carte, Ormonde, ii, appendix, p. 60).

page 60 note 1 Carte, Ormonde, ii, p. 369. A statement of income and expenditure in Ireland between 1660 and 1667, apparently drawn up in Anglesey's defence, shows a heavy deficit: during the period the total of the sums ‘received out of England’ exceeded £200,000 (Trinity College, Dublin, MS, F. 2.1). Cf. Cal. S. P., Ire., 1666–69, pp. 257–59.

page 60 note 2 Ormond to Ossory, 30 June 1668 (Carte, Ormonde, ii, appendix, p. 62).

page 60 note 3 Same to same, 21 Nov. 1668 (ibid., ii, appendix, pp. 66–68). The proposal seems to have originated with Orrery, who took credit for having won Arlington over by this device (A. Browning, Danby, ii, p. 22).

page 60 note 4 Carte, Ormonde, ii, pp. 373–74.

page 60 note 5 ibid., ii, pp. 375–76.

page 61 note 1 Ormond to Ossory, 21 Nov. 1668 (ibid., ii, appendix, p. 67).

page 61 note 2 ibid., ii, p. 492.

page 61 note 3 Ormond to Boyle, 8 Mar. 1669 (ibid., ii, appendix, p. 70). Cf. Duchess of Ormond to — — —, Feb. 1669 (H.M.C. Ormonde, New Series, iii, p. 442).

page 62 note 1 Talbot to nuncio, 15 Feb., 25 Feb. 1669 (P. F. Moran (ed.) Spicilegium Ossoriense, i, pp. 470–71).

page 62 note 2 Some aspects of Essex's viceroyalty are dealt with in Pike, Clement E., ‘The Intrigue to Deprive the Earl of Essex of the Lord Lieutenancy of Ireland’, in Trans. Roy. Hist. Soc, Third Series, v (1911), pp. 89–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 63 note 1 Essex to Francis Godolphin, 7 Mar. 1673 (O. Airy (ed.) Essex papersM, i, p. 58).

page 64 note 1 Conway to Essex, 15 [misprinted 18] Nov. 1673 (ibid., i, pp. 139- 141).

page 64 note 2 R. Bagwell, Ireland under the Stuarts, iii, p. 119.

page 64 note 3 Harbord to Essex, 14 Apr. 1674 (O. Airy (ed.), Essex papers, i, p. 212).

page 65 note 1 Essex to Conway, 29 Nov. 1673 (ibid., i, pp. 143–44).

page 65 note 2 Conway to Essex, 19 May 1674 (ibid., i, pp. 228–29).

page 65 note 3 Essex to Conway, 26 May 1674 (ibid., i, pp. 231–34).

page 65 note 4 Conway to Essex, 19 May 1674 (ibid., i, pp. 228–29).

page 65 note 5 Essex to Danby, 14 Aug. 1674 (ibid., i, p. 249).

page 66 note 1 Harbord to Essex, 26 June 1675 (C. E. Pike (ed.), Essex Letters, ii, PP. 33–35).

page 66 note 2 Carte, Ormonde, ii, pp. 463–64.

page 67 note 1 On the general character of the situation see J. C. Beckett, ‘Irish- Scottish relations in the seventeenth century’, in Transactions of the Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society, 1964, pp. 38–49.

page 67 note 2 Sir Arthur Forbes to Essex, 27 June 1674 (B. M. Stowe 205, f. 272).

page 67 note 3 Same to same, 17 Aug., 23 Aug. 1674 (ibid., ff. 394, 409); same to same, Oct. [endorsed ‘Rec. Oct. 22’] 1674 (B. M. Stowe 206, ff. 127–28).

page 68 note 1 The king to Essex, 27 Sept. 1675; Forbes to Essex, 16 Oct. 1675 (B. M. Stowe 208, ff. 305, 339); Essex to lords justices of Ireland, 28 Oct. 1675 (Letters written by … earl of Essex …1675 (Dublin, 1770), P. 345).Google Scholar

page 68 note 2 Coventry to Essex, 10 June, 13 June 1676 (B. M. Stowe 209, ff. 336, 350). The subsequent history of this ‘brigade’ is obscure; but that it was broken up before the end of 1676 may be inferred from the terms of Danby's letter to Lauderdale, 15 Sept. 1677 (Browning, Danby, ii, p. 47).

page 70 note 1 Essex to Sir Henry Capel, 9 May 1674 (O. Airy (ed.), Essex papers, i, p. 224).

page 70 note 2 For payments on the military list see Cal. S. P., Ire., 1666–69, pp. 68–69, 1669–70, p. 8. For other regular payments see H.M.C. Ormonde, New Series, vii, pp. 172–73. For income from wool licences see ibid., iv, 665 ff. (and cf. Cullen, L. M., Anglo-Irish trade, 1660–1800 (Manchester, 1968), pp. 35–36).Google Scholar

page 70 note 3 Essex to Sir Henry Capel, 16 May 1674 (O. Airy (ed.), Essex papers, i, pp. 226–27).

page 71 note 1 Carte, Ormonde, ii, p. 364; Ormond to Ossory, 27 Nov. 1667 (ibid., ii, appendix, p. 47).

page 71 note 2 Essex to Arlington, 22 June 1673 (O. Airy (ed.), Essex papers, i, pp. 103–04); R. Bagwell, Ireland under the Stuarts, iii, pp. 99–101.