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Genetic Influences on Individual Differences in Nicotine Glucuronidation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2012

Christina N. Lessov-Schlaggar ,
Neal L. Benowitz ,
Peyton Jacob III  and
Gary E. Swan
Christina N. Lessov-Schlaggar*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States of America. schlaggc@psychiatry.wustl.edu
Neal L. Benowitz
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Service, San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center, University of California San Francisco, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Service, San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center, University of California San Francisco, United States of America; Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Service, San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center, University of California San Francisco, United States of America.
Peyton Jacob III
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Service, San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center, University of California San Francisco, United States of America.
Gary E. Swan
Affiliation:
Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, United States of America.
*
*Address for correspondence: Christina N. Lessov-Schlaggar, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid, Campus Box 8134, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Abstract

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Nicotine and its primary oxidative metabolites are metabolized in part by glucuronidation. Genetic variation in UGT isoenzymes that catalyze glucuronidation activity suggests that variation in glucuronidation rate is in part genetically determined. The relative contribution of genetic and environmental sources to individual differences in the rate of glucuronidation of nicotine, cotinine, and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine was estimated in a twin study of nicotine pharmacokinetics. Glucuronidation rate was defined using measures that either accounted for variability in renal clearance or assumed the same relative renal clearance of parent drug and glucuronide conjugate across individuals. The former definition resulted in highly correlated nicotine and cotinine glucuronidation measures that were substantially influenced by the combined effect of additive (heritable) and non-additive (dominant and epistatic) genetic effects. These findings suggest that genetic variation in UGT isoenzymes that act in additive and interactive ways is an important determinant of individual variability in nicotine and cotinine metabolism via glucuronidation pathways.

Keywords

nicotine metabolismglucuronidationtwinsheritability
Type
Articles
Information
Twin Research and Human Genetics , Volume 12 , Issue 5 , 01 October 2009 , pp. 507 - 513
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009