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Random spatial patterning of cone bipolar cell mosaics in the mouse retina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2017

PATRICK W. KEELEY ,
JASON J. KIM ,
SAMMY C.S. LEE ,
SILKE HAVERKAMP  and
BENJAMIN E. REESE
PATRICK W. KEELEY
Affiliation:
Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5060
JASON J. KIM
Affiliation:
Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5060
SAMMY C.S. LEE
Affiliation:
Department of Ophthalmology and Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
SILKE HAVERKAMP
Affiliation:
Institute of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
BENJAMIN E. REESE*
Affiliation:
Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5060 Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9660
*
*Address correspondence to: B.E. Reese, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5060. E-mail: breese@psych.ucsb.edu
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Abstract

Retinal bipolar cells spread their dendritic arbors to tile the retinal surface, extending them to the tips of the dendritic fields of their homotypic neighbors, minimizing dendritic overlap. Such uniform nonredundant dendritic coverage of these populations would suggest a degree of spatial order in the properties of their somal distributions, yet few studies have examined the patterning in retinal bipolar cell mosaics. The present study examined the organization of two types of cone bipolar cells in the mouse retina, the Type 2 cells and the Type 4 cells, and compared their spatial statistical properties with those of the horizontal cells and the cholinergic amacrine cells, as well as to random simulations of cells matched in density and constrained by soma size. The Delauney tessellation of each field was computed, from which nearest neighbor distances and Voronoi domain areas were extracted, permitting a calculation of their respective regularity indexes (RIs). The spatial autocorrelation of the field was also computed, from which the effective radius and packing factor (PF) were determined. Both cone bipolar cell types were found to be less regular and less efficiently packed than either the horizontal cells or cholinergic amacrine cells. Furthermore, while the latter two cell types had RIs and PFs in excess of those for their matched random simulations, the two types of cone bipolar cells had spatial statistical properties comparable to random distributions. An analysis of single labeled cone bipolar cells revealed dendritic arbors frequently skewed to one side of the soma, as would be expected from a randomly distributed population of cells with dendrites that tile. Taken together, these results suggest that, unlike the horizontal cells or cholinergic amacrine cells which minimize proximity to one another, cone bipolar cell types are constrained only by their physical size.

Keywords

Regularity indexPacking factorVoronoi domainNearest neighborEffective radiusExclusion zoneDendritic coverage
Type
Research Article
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 34 , 2017 , E002
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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Footnotes

Supported by NIH grant EY-019968.

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