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S-Adenosyl-l-methionine restores photoreceptor function following acute retinal ischemia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 November 2009

LEITH MOXON-LESTER ,
KEI TAKAMOTO ,
PAUL B. COLDITZ  and
NIGEL L. BARNETT
LEITH MOXON-LESTER
Affiliation:
The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia The University of Queensland, Perinatal Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia
KEI TAKAMOTO
Affiliation:
The University of Queensland, Perinatal Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia
PAUL B. COLDITZ
Affiliation:
The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia The University of Queensland, Perinatal Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia
NIGEL L. BARNETT*
Affiliation:
The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia The University of Queensland, Perinatal Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia
*
*Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Nigel L. Barnett, The University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia. E-mail: n.barnett@uq.edu.au
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Abstract

The survival and function of retinal neurons is dependent on mitochondrial energy generation and its intracellular distribution by creatine kinase. Post ischemic disruption of retinal creatine synthesis, creatine kinase activity, or transport of creatine into neurons may impair retinal function. S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe) is required for creatine synthesis, phosphatidylcholine and glutathione synthesis, and transducin methylation. These reactions are essential for photoreceptor function but may be downregulated after ischemia due to a reduction in SAMe. Our aim was to determine whether administration of SAMe after ischemia could improve retinal function. Unilateral retinal ischemia was induced in adult rats by increasing the intraocular pressure to 110 mm Hg for 60 min. Immediately after the ischemic insult, SAMe was injected into the vitreous (100 μm), followed by oral administration (69 mg/kg/day) for 5 or 10 days. Retinal function (electroretinography), histology, and creatine transporter (CRT-1) expression were analyzed. Photoreceptoral responses (RmP3, S), rod and cone bipolar cell responses (PII), and oscillatory potentials were reduced by the ischemia/reperfusion insult. Although SAMe treatment ameliorated the ischemia-induced histological damage by day 5, there was no improvement in retinal function and the intensity of CRT-1 labeling in ischemic retinas was markedly reduced. However, 10 days after ischemia, a recovery in CRT-1 immunolabeling was evident and SAMe supplementation significantly restored photoreceptor function and rod PII responses. In conclusion, these data suggest that creatine transport and methylation reactions, such as creatine synthesis, may be compromised by an ischemic insult contributing to retinal dysfunction and injury. Oral SAMe supplementation after retinal ischemia may provide an effective, safe, and accessible neuroprotective strategy.

Keywords

RetinaIschemiaPhotoreceptorsS-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe)NeuroprotectionCreatine
Type
Research Articles
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 26 , Issue 5-6 , November 2009 , pp. 429 - 441
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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