Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T06:19:44.149Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of separating giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) seeds from soil using potassium carbonate and centrifugation on viability and germination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Edward C. Luschei ,
Douglas D. Buhler  and
Jack H. Dekker
Edward C. Luschei
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
Jack H. Dekker
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Changes in weed seedbank composition are often monitored by removing seeds from soil samples. One extraction method accomplishes this by creating a slurry of soil and a concentrated inorganic salt solution. Centrifugation is then used to separate constituents of differing densities. We have found that centrifugation of giant foxtail seeds in 3.2 M potassium carbonate solution as conducted in a centrifugation/flotation extraction method can reduce viability as measured by germination and tetrazolium tests. In one experiment, centrifugation/flotation separation reduced germination of giant foxtail seeds from 94 to 52%. The likely cause of seed damage was the high pH of the potassium carbonate solution in conjunction with the increased hydrostatic pressure due to centrifugation. While centrifugation affected quantitative measures of seed viability, it did not alter qualitative viability estimates using a pressure test.

Keywords

Giant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm. SETFAWeed seed bankseed extractionSETFA
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 46 , Issue 5 , October 1998 , pp. 545 - 548
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Current address: Department of Plant and Soil Science, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717

References

Literature Cited

Ambosio, L., Dorado, J., and Del Monte, J. P. 1997. Assessment of the sample size to estimate the weed seedbank in soil. Weed Res. 37: 129–137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Association of Official Seed Analysts. 1970. Tetrazolium Testing Handbook for Agricultural Seeds. New Brunswick, NJ: Association of Official Seed Analysts Handbook 29. 62 p.Google Scholar
Ball, D. A. and Miller, S. D. 1989. A comparison of techniques for estimation of arable soil seed banks and their relationship to weed flora. Weed Res. 29: 365–373.Google Scholar
Buhler, D. D. and Maxwell, B. D. 1993. Seed separation and enumeration from soil using K2CO3-centrifugation and image analysis. Weed Sci. 41: 298–302.Google Scholar
Cardina, J. and Sparrow, D. H. 1996. A comparison of methods to predict weed seedling populations from the soil seedbank. Weed Sci. 44: 46–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dekker, J., Lux, J., Owen, M., Thornhill, R., Buhler, D., and Kohler, K. 1997. Annual changes in foxtail seed, caryopsis, and embryo germinability in the soil seed bank. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 37: 46.Google Scholar
Forcella, F. 1992. Prediction of weed seedling densities from buried seed reserves. Weed Res. 32: 29–38.Google Scholar
Gross, K. L. 1990. A comparison of methods for estimating seed numbers in the soil. J. Ecol. 78: 1079–1093.Google Scholar
Hou, J. Q. and Simpson, G. M. 1994. Effects of immersing dry seeds in alkaline solutions on seed dormancy and water uptake in wild oat (Avena fatua) . Can. J. Plant Sci. 74: 19–24.Google Scholar
Kropac, Z. 1966. Estimation of weed seeds in arable soil. Pedobiologia 6: 105–128.Google Scholar
Malone, C. R. 1967. A rapid method for enumeration of viable seeds in soil. Weeds 15: 381–382.Google Scholar
Roberts, H. A. 1981. Seed banks in soil. Adv. Appl. Biol. 6: 1–55.Google Scholar
Roberts, H. A. and Ricketts, M. E. 1979. Quantitative relationships between the weed flora after cultivation and the seed population in the soil. Weed Res. 19: 269–275.Google Scholar
Rothrock, P. E., Squiers, E. R., and Sheeley, S. 1993. Heterogeneity and size of a persistent seedbank of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Setaria faberi Herrm. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 120: 417–422.Google Scholar
Schreiber, M. M. 1992. Influence of tillage, crop rotation and weed management on giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) population dynamics and corn yield. Weed Sci. 40: 645–653.Google Scholar