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Effects of Long-Term Use on Simazine Dissipation in Central California Vineyards

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Mary Joy M. Abit ,
Christine M. Rainbolt ,
L. Jason Krutz ,
Dale L. Shaner  and
Bradley D. Hanson
Mary Joy M. Abit
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis, CA 95616
Christine M. Rainbolt
Affiliation:
California State University, Fresno, CA 93740
L. Jason Krutz
Affiliation:
Water Management Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Fort Collins, CO 80526
Dale L. Shaner
Affiliation:
Southern Weed Science Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Stoneville, MS 38776
Bradley D. Hanson*
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis, CA 95616
*
Corresponding author E-mail: bhanson@ucdavis.edu
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Abstract

Simazine is an important management tool for weed control in vineyards because of its relatively low price, reliable control of several problem weeds, and long residual activity. After repeated and extensive use of simazine, several growers in the Central Valley of California expressed concerns about reduced, residual weed control with this herbicide. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the rate of simazine dissipation in soils with differing simazine-use histories and to determine whether residual weed control differed among sites. Two raisin vineyards were used in all studies, one with extensive simazine-use history (adapted) and one with no recent simazine-use history (nonadapted). Results indicated that simazine dissipation from biotic processes was fourfold greater in soil with a long simazine-use history relative to soil with no recent simazine applications. In the field, simazine persisted longer at the nonadapted site, and weed-control duration was affected by dissipation rate. Central Valley vineyard soils that have had repeated simazine applications can develop enhanced, microbial degradation, and reduced, residual weed control is possible; however, weed control is also affected by environmental conditions and other crop management practices.

Keywords

Simazine, 6-chloro-N,N′-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamineraisin grapes, Vitis vinifera LEnhanced degradationatrazines-triazine herbicidesherbicide use history
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 60 , Issue 4 , December 2012 , pp. 531 - 536
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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