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Effects of Organic and Conventional Practices on Weed Control in a Perennial Cropping System

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kendra Baumgartner ,
Kerri L. Steenwerth  and
Lissa Veilleux
Kendra Baumgartner*
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
Kerri L. Steenwerth
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
Lissa Veilleux
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: kbaumgartner@ucdavis.edu
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Abstract

Vineyard weed communities were examined under the influence of an organic weed control practice, soil cultivation with a Clemens cultivator, and applications of the herbicide glyphosate. Experimental treatments (winter–spring glyphosate, spring cultivation, fall–spring cultivation, fall cultivation–spring glyphosate) were carried out in a California wine grape vineyard for 3 yr. Cultivation alone was not as effective as glyphosate, based on lower weed biomass in the glyphosate-only treatment in 2 of 3 yr. However, given that two passes with the Clemens cultivator decreased weed biomass relative to one pass, it is possible that additional passes could bring about further reductions. Pairing fall cultivation with glyphosate was as effective at reducing weed biomass as two glyphosate applications in 2 of 3 years, suggesting that substituting a glyphosate application with cultivation may be an effective method of reducing herbicide use in vineyards. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed significant treatment effects on community structure. Weed composition in the spring cultivation treatment was significantly different from that of all other treatments. Based on our findings of high relative abundance of field bindweed and sowthistle species, which are problematic vineyard weeds that grow into the vine canopy and disrupt canopy management practices, it is possible that either the presence of soil disturbance or the absence of herbicides favored these species.

Keywords

Glyphosateannual sowthistle, Sonchus oleraceus L. SONALfield bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis L. CONARspiny sowthistle, Sonchus asper (L.) Hill SONASwine grape, Vitis vinifera L. ‘Merlot’Clemens cultivatorperennial cropping systemtillagevineyardweed community
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 55 , Issue 4 , August 2007 , pp. 352 - 358
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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