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Foliar Absorption and Translocation of Herbicides from Aqueous Solution and Treated Soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Kassim Al-Khatib ,
Robert Parker  and
E. Patrick Fuerst
Kassim Al-Khatib
Affiliation:
Irrigated Agric. Res. and Ext. Ctr., Washington State Univ., Prosser, WA 99350
Robert Parker
Affiliation:
Irrigated Agric. Res. and Ext. Ctr., Washington State Univ., Prosser, WA 99350
E. Patrick Fuerst
Affiliation:
Dep. Crops and Soils, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99163
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Abstract

It has been suggested that soil treated with a herbicide and subsequently carried by wind and deposited on plant foliage can cause crop injury. This study compared foliar uptake and translocation of herbicides applied to plants as an aqueous solution or in herbicide-treated soil. Leaves of 3-wk-old seedling alfalfa, grape, and pea were treated with 14C-labeled thifensulfuron, chlorsulfuron, glyphosate, 2,4-D, and bromoxynil. Significant amounts of all herbicides were absorbed by pea, alfalfa, and grape from the aqueous solutions, whereas very limited absorption occurred from herbicide-treated soil. Prolonged and multiple exposure to herbicide-treated soil did not increase herbicide uptake. High relative humidity enhanced herbicide absorption from aqueous solutions but not from herbicide-treated soil. All herbicides except bromoxynil were readily translocated in alfalfa, grape, and pea. Limited quantities of herbicides were absorbed from herbicide-treated soil by plant foliage, and this small amount is unlikely to cause crop damage.

Keywords

Bromoxynil, 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrilechlorsulfuron, 2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamideglyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycinethifensulfuron, 3[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid2,4-D, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acidalfalfa, Medicago sativa L.‘Vernal′grape, Vitis vinifera L.‘Lemberger′pea, Pisum sativum L.‘Bolero′Bromoxynilchlorsulfuronglyphosateherbicide absorptionherbicide driftthifensulfuron2,4-DMedicago sativaPisum sativumVitis vinifera
Type
Special Topics
Information
Weed Science , Volume 40 , Issue 2 , June 1992 , pp. 281 - 287
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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