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Herbicide Effect on Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum) Control

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

George S. Cutts III ,
Theodore M. Webster ,
Timothy L. Grey ,
William K. Vencill ,
R. Dewey Lee ,
R. Scott Tubbs  and
William F. Anderson
George S. Cutts III*
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Science Department, University of Georgia, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793
Theodore M. Webster
Affiliation:
Crop Protection and Management Unit, USDA–ARS, 2747 Davis Rd., Tifton, GA 31793
Timothy L. Grey
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Science Department, University of Georgia, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793
William K. Vencill
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Science Department, University of Georgia, 3111 Miller Plant Science Building, Athens, GA 30602
R. Dewey Lee
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Science Department, University of Georgia, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793
R. Scott Tubbs
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Science Department, University of Georgia, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793
William F. Anderson
Affiliation:
Crop Genetics and Breeding Unit, USDA–ARS, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: tcutts@tamu.edu
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Abstract

Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effect of herbicides on napiergrass growth and control. In greenhouse experiments, hexazinone, glyphosate, and imazapic were applied POST, and carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation was measured with the use of an open-flow gas-exchange system up to 22 d after treatment (DAT). Carbon dioxide assimilation was reduced to zero, indicating plant death, for hexazinone- and glyphosate-treated napiergrass by 2 and 12 DAT, respectively. Imazapic-treated napiergrass CO2 assimilation declined to a constant rate by 22 DAT, but never reached zero. Field studies at Chula and Ty Ty, Georgia, evaluated herbicides for napiergrass control. Herbicide treatments included autumn-only applications, autumn followed by spring applications, and spring-only applications. All autumn-applied treatments exhibited regrowth in the spring. Plants were not affected by cold winter temperatures. A spade tillage treatment was implemented in January 2010, but was not effective in controlling napiergrass. Spring treatments included split applications of autumn treatments and spring-only treatments of glyphosate, glyphosate plus sethoxydim, and imazapyr. Sequential autumn and spring treatments containing glyphosate at both locations failed to eradicate napiergrass. Imazapyr applied spring achieved 94% plant injury by 34 DAT, and indicated potential napiergrass control. Greenhouse results indicated multiple modes of action could be effective in reducing napiergrass growth, but were inconsistent with field results. Further field studies are needed to derive conclusive methods of napiergrass control.

Keywords

Glyphosatehexazinoneimazapicimazapyrsethoxydimnapiergrass, Pennisetum purpureum SchumCarbon assimilationcellulosic biofuelcontrolgrowth reductioninvasive species
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 59 , Issue 2 , June 2011 , pp. 255 - 262
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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