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Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow of Sulfonylurea-Resistant Kochia (Kochia scoparia)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

George P. Stallings ,
Donald C. Thill ,
Carol A. Mallory-Smith  and
Bahman Shafii
George P. Stallings
Affiliation:
Dept. Plant, Soil, and Ent. Sci., and Coll. of Agric., Univ. Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844
Donald C. Thill
Affiliation:
Dept. Plant, Soil, and Ent. Sci., and Coll. of Agric., Univ. Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844
Carol A. Mallory-Smith
Affiliation:
Dept. Plant, Soil, and Ent. Sci., and Coll. of Agric., Univ. Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844
Bahman Shafii
Affiliation:
Dept. Plant, Soil, and Ent. Sci., and Coll. of Agric., Univ. Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844
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Abstract

The movement of sulfonylurea herbicide-resistant (R) kochia pollen was investigated in a spring barley field near Moscow, ID, using a Nelder plot design in 1991 and 1992. Each 61 m diameter plot had 16 rays spaced 22.5° apart and contained 211 kochia plants. There were 12 susceptible (S) plants and one R plant along each ray. The R and S plants were 1.5 m and 3.0 to 30.5 m from the center of the plot, respectively. Wind direction and speed in the 16 vectors, air and soil temperature, and rainfall were monitored continuously. Mature kochia seed was collected from individual plants, planted in the greenhouse, and sprayed with chlorsulfuron to test for resistant F1 progeny. Results from the 2-yr study showed outcrossing of R pollen onto S plants at rates up to 13.1% per plant 1.5 m from the R plants and declining to 1.4% per plant or less 29 m from the R plants. At least 35% of the total R x S crosses occurred in the direction of prevailing southeastward winds. Predicted percentages of R x S crosses per plant ranged from 0.16 to 1.29 at 1.5 m, and 0.00 to 0.06% at 29 m. Thus, resistant kochia pollen can spread the sulfonylurea-resistant trait at least 30 m during each growing season.

Keywords

Chlorsulfuron, 2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-benzenesulfonamideKochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. #3 KCHSCbarley, Hordeum vulgare L. ‘Clark.’Chlorsulfuronherbicide resistancepollen dispersalpollen viabilityKCHSC
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 43 , Issue 1 , March 1995 , pp. 95 - 102
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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