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Altered acetolactate synthase activity in ALS-inhibitor resistant prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Charlotte V. Eberlein ,
Mary J. Guttieri ,
Carol A. Mallory-Smith ,
Donn C. Thill  and
Roger J. Baerg
Mary J. Guttieri
Affiliation:
University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210
Carol A. Mallory-Smith
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
Donn C. Thill
Affiliation:
University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843
Roger J. Baerg
Affiliation:
American Cyanamid, Princeton, NJ 08543
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Abstract

The effect of target site mutation for acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibitor resistance on ALS activity was evaluated in a sulfonylurea-resistant (R) biotype of prickly lettuce with a proline173 to histidine substitution in Domain A of the ALS enzyme. I50 values for ALS inhibition by several ALS-inhibitor herbicides were determined for R and susceptible (S) biotypes. Results from both a standard ALS assay and a chloroplast assay for ALS activity showed that the R biotype also was cross-resistant to representatives of the imidazolinone (imazethapyr) and triazolopyrimidine (flumetsulam) families, but was not cross-resistant to the pyrimidinyl oxybenzoate (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-y 1-oxy-2-benzoic acid) tested. The Km (pyruvate) was similar for ALS extracted from the R and S biotypes, suggesting that mutation for resistance did not alter pyruvate binding on the enzyme. However, specific activity of ALS from the R biotype was 57% less than specific activity of ALS from the S biotype, suggesting that the resistance mutation may affect enzyme function, expression, or stability. ALS from the R biotype was less sensitive to inhibition by the branched chain amino acids, valine, leucine, and isoleucine, than ALS from the S biotype. Reduced sensitivity to feedback inhibition was correlated with 70, 40, and 9% higher concentrations of valine, leucine, and isoleucine, respectively, on a per seed basis in R vs. S seed.

Keywords

Chlorsulfuron, 2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzensulfonamideflumetsulam, N-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-5-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo [1,5-α]pyrimidine-2-sulfonamideimazethapyr, (±)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-pyridinecarboxylic acidacetolactate synthase (ALS; EC 4.1.3.18)prickly lettuce, Lactuca serriola L. LACSEFeedback inhibitionvalineleucineisoleucinePOBLACSE
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 45 , Issue 2 , April 1997 , pp. 212 - 217
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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