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Biodegradation Characteristics of Imazaquin and Imazethapyr

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

John R. Cantwell ,
Rex A. Liebl  and
Fred W. Slife
John R. Cantwell
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61802
Rex A. Liebl
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61802
Fred W. Slife
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61802
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Abstract

The extent of 14C-imazaquin and 14C-imazethapyr abiotic vs. biotic degradation in soil was investigated. Degradation was measured in an in vitro system which allowed 90% recovery of applied herbicide. Triallate biodegradation is well documented and therefore used as a standard. Herbicide degradation was compared in two soils, a Cisne silt loam and a Drummer silty clay loam. Herbicide degradation in gamma-irradiated soil was compared to fresh soil. Biomass quantities were measured for the duration of the experiments. 14CO2 evolution, extractable parent, metabolites, and unextractable residue were measured. After 12 weeks of incubation, 95% of the radioactivity could be extracted as parent from sterilized soil. In unsterilized soil, imazaquin and imazethapyr degraded at a similar rate which was dependent upon soil type. All herbicides degraded slower in the Drummer soil and triallate degraded two to three times faster than the imidazolinones in either soil. 14C-imazaquin degradation products included 14CO2 and unextractable residues. The major product from 14C-imazethapyr degradation was 14CO2. Evolution of 14CO2 from an imazethapyr-treated Cisne soil, containing a serial dilution of activated charcoal, demonstrated that adsorption of herbicide was negatively correlated with degradation. Therefore imidazolinone microbial degradation is regulated by the amount of herbicide in soil solution as determined by soil characteristics.

Keywords

Imazaquin, 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-quinolinecarboxylic acidimazethapyr, (±)-2-(4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl) − 5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acidtriallate, S-(2,3,3-trichlor-2-proponyl) bis(1-methylethyl)carbamothioate14CO2biomassmicrobial
Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 6 , November 1989 , pp. 815 - 819
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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