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Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Control in Timothy (Phleum pratense) and Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Sward

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

S. C. Peterson  and
J. V. Parochetti
S. C. Peterson
Affiliation:
U. S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Stab. Cons. Serv.
J. V. Parochetti
Affiliation:
College Park, Dep. of Agron., Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
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Abstract

Two of three herbicides were applied repetitively in each of the years to a dense infestation of Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) sward in Carroll County, Maryland during the period 1969 to 1971. Picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-tricloropicolinic acid), eliminated red clover from the sward after the first year, and controlled 95 to 100% of the Canada thistle in the third year of treatment. The addition of a non-phytotoxic oil to picloram did not improve its efficiency. Dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) reduced 57 to 87% of the red clover and 72% of the Canada thistle in the first year at a dosage of 1.12 kg/ha, but effected only 42% control in the third year of treatment. Both an amine and ester formulations of 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid] effected variable Canada thistle control and reduced the red clover stand 10 to 15% following the first application. The timothy yield was not significantly reduced during the 3 years of repeated application of all herbicides, but some necrosis of leaves was noted with dicamba and the high rate of 2,4-D. Soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Delmar’] planted 1 yr following the last picloram application had curled leaves initially, but outgrew the injury. Soybeans planted 2 yr following the last application of the herbicides showed no significant reduction in yield indicating herbicide residues had been reduced to tolerable levels.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 26 , Issue 3 , May 1978 , pp. 215 - 220
Copyright
Copyright © 1978 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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