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Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Effects on Yield Components of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

William W. Donald  and
Mohammad Khan
William W. Donald
Affiliation:
Cropping Systems and Water Quality Res. Unit, Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., formerly of Agric. Res. Serv. Biosciences Res. Lab., and Dep. Crop and Weed Sci., N.D. State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105
Mohammad Khan
Affiliation:
Crop and Weed Sci. Dep., North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105, now, Plant Physiol., Agric. Res. Inst., Tarnab (Peshawar) NWFP, Pakistan
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Abstract

The effect of Canada thistle on major yield components of spring wheat was characterized using path coefficient analysis, which provides insight concerning which yield components are most sensitive to Canada thistle competition. Increasing Canada thistle density decreased wheat stand in each of three years. Canada thistle also reduced spikes per plant and seed per spike to varying extents depending on year, but Canada thistle had comparatively little effect on wheat seed weight per 1000 seed. In the path coefficient model proposed, Canada thistle was assumed to reduce yield by directly reducing wheat yield components and through them, indirectly reducing yield. Path coefficient correlation analysis showed that Canada thistle reduced spring wheat yield chiefly by indirect effects of decreasing wheat density, the earliest formed yield component. Canada thistle reduced wheat density which, in turn, reduced wheat yield. These data suggest that Canada thistle must be controlled either before or shortly after wheat emergence if detrimental effects on wheat yield are to be minimized.

Keywords

Canada thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.) ♯ CIRARwheat, Triticum aestivum L.Competitioninterferencepath correlation analysistillering
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 44 , Issue 1 , March 1996 , pp. 114 - 121
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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