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Competition for Light Between Tomatoes and Nightshades (Solanum nigrum or S. ptycanthum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Milton E. McGiffen Jr. ,
John B. Masiunas  and
John D. Hesketh
Milton E. McGiffen Jr.
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic., Univ. DL, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801
John B. Masiunas
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic., Univ. DL, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801
John D. Hesketh
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Urbana, IL 61801
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Abstract

The effect of black and eastern black nightshade on the amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intercepted by a processing tomato canopy was studied along with the correlation between PAR and tomato growth and yield. During 1989 and 1990, black and eastern black nightshade were established at densities of 0 to 4.8 m−2 within rows of transplanted, irrigated processing tomatoes. Increasing the density of either nightshade species decreased the number of tomato fruit; however, eastern black nightshade reduced tomato yield more than black nightshade. Eastern black nightshade was taller than the tomatoes, reducing PAR reaching the top of the tomato canopy. PAR reaching the top of the tomato canopy was positively correlated with yield and negatively correlated with eastern black nightshade density. Eastern black nightshade intraspecific competition decreased both stem and berry weight. Black nightshade was never taller than tomatoes and did not affect PAR reaching the top of the crop canopy. Increasing the density of black nightshade decreased berry dry weight but increased the weight of stems and leaves.

Keywords

Black nightshade, Solanum nigrum L. #3 SOLNIeastern black nightshade, S. ptycanthum Dun. # SOLPTTomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.‘Heinz 6004′Canopy structurefruit setspecific leaf areaintraspecific and interspecific competitionSOLNISOLPT
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 40 , Issue 2 , June 1992 , pp. 220 - 226
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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