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Cover-Crop Roller–Crimper Contributes to Weed Management in No-Till Soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Adam S. Davis
Adam S. Davis*
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: asdavis1@illinois.edu
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Abstract

Termination of cover crops prior to no-till planting of soybean is typically accomplished with burndown herbicides. Recent advances in cover-crop roller–crimper design offer the possibility of reliable physical termination of cover crops without tillage. A field study within a no-till soybean production system was conducted in Urbana, IL, from 2004 through 2007 to quantify the effects of cover crop (cereal rye, hairy vetch, or bare soil control), termination method (chemical burndown or roller–crimper), and postemergence glyphosate application rate (0, 1.1, or 2.2 kg ae ha−1) on soybean yield components, weed–crop interference, and soil environmental variables. Biomass of weeds surviving management within a soybean crop following either a vetch or rye cover crop was reduced by 26 and 56%, respectively, in the rolled system compared to the burndown system. Soybean yield loss due to weed interference was unaffected by cover-crop termination method in soybean following a rye cover crop, but was higher in the rolled than burndown treatment in both hairy vetch and bare soil treatments. In soybean following a rye cover crop, regardless of termination method, yield loss to weed interference was unaffected by glyphosate rate, whereas in soybean following a vetch cover crop or bare soil, yield loss decreased with glyphosate rate. Variation in soybean yield among cover crops and cover-crop termination treatments was due largely to differences in soybean establishment, rather than differences in the soil environment. Use of a roller–crimper to terminate a cover crop preceding no-till soybean has the potential to achieve similar yields to those obtained in a chemically terminated cover crop while reducing residual weed biomass.

Keywords

Common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis Sauer, AMARUgiant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm., SETFAhairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth.cereal rye, Secale cereale L. ‘FS Hi-Rye 500’soybean, Glycine max (L). MerrCover-crop terminationGlycine max establishmentweed suppressionSecale cerealeVicia villosaorganiclow external input
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 58 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 300 - 309
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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