Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T21:30:26.604Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Degradation of Dichlormid and Dietholate in Soils with Prior EPTC, Butylate, Dichlormid, and Dietholate Exposure

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Robert G. Wilson
Affiliation:
Univ. Nebraska, Scottsbluff, NE 69361
James E. Rodebush
Affiliation:
Stauffer Chemical Co., Syracuse, NE

Abstract

Field and laboratory experiments were conducted in 1983 and 1984 to compare the degradation of dichlormid (2,2-dichloro-N,N-di-2-prophenylacetamide), dietholate (O,O-diethyl O-phenylphosphorothioate), EPTC (S-ethyl dipropyl carbamothioate), and butylate [S-ethyl bis(2-methylpropyl) carbamothioate] in soils that had or had not been previously treated with each chemical. EPTC + dichlormid, butylate + dichlormid, EPTC + dichlormid + dietholate, or butylate + dichlormid + dietholate were applied annually for 4 yr to field plots to establish treatment histories. Butylate and EPTC degradation was enhanced in soils with previous histories of butylate and EPTC, respectively. Degradation rates of dietholate were equivalent in untreated soils or soils previously treated with EPTC + dietholate or butylate + dietholate.

Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Copyright
Copyright © 1987 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Casida, J. E., Gray, R. A., and Tilles, H. 1974. Thiocarbamate sulfoxides: Potent, selective, and biodegradable herbicides. Science 184:573574.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2. Chang, F. Y., Bandeen, J. D., and Stephenson, G. R. 1973. N,N-diallyl-α,α-dichloroacetamide as an antidote for EPTC and other herbicides in corn. Weed Res. 13:399406.Google Scholar
3. Chen, Y. S. and Casida, J. E. 1978. Thiocarbamate herbicide metabolism: Microsomal oxygenase metabolism of EPTC involving mono- and dioxygenation at the suflur and hydroxylation at each alkyl carbon. J. Agric. Food Chem. 26(1):263267.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4. Don, R. H. and Pemberton, J. M. 1981. Properties of six pesticide degradation plasmids isolated from (Alcaligenes paradoxus and Alcaligenes entrophus . J. Bacteriol. 145:681686.Google Scholar
5. Fang, S. C. 1969. Thiocarbamates. Pages 323348 in Kearney, P. C. and Kaufman, D. D., eds. Herbicide Chemistry, Degradation, and Mode of Action. Marcel Dekker, New York.Google Scholar
6. Gray, R. A. and Weierich, A. J. 1965. Factors affecting the vapor loss of EPTC from soils. Weeds 13:141147.Google Scholar
7. Harvey, R. G. 1982. Wild proso millet control in field and sweet corn. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 37:29.Google Scholar
8. Kearney, P. C. and Kellogg, S. T. 1985. Microbial adaptation of pesticides. Pure and Appl. Chem. 57:389402.Google Scholar
9. Lee, A. 1984. EPTC (S-ethyl N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate) degrading microorganisms isolated from a soil previously exposed to EPTC. Soil Biol. Biochem. 16:529531.Google Scholar
10. Moorman, T. B. 1986. Microbial responses of EPTC in a soil showing accelerated degradation of EPTC. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. 93.Google Scholar
11. Obrigawitch, T., Wilson, R. G., Martin, A. R., and Roeth, F. W. 1982. The influence of temperature, moisture, and prior EPTC application on the degradation of EPTC in soils. Weed Sci. 30:175181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Obrigawitch, T., Roeth, F. W., Martin, A. R., and Wilson, R. G. 1982. Addition of R-33865 to EPTC for extended herbicide activity. Weed Sci. 30:417422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Rahman, A., Atkinson, G. C., and Douglas, J. A. 1979. Eradicane causes problems. New Zealand J. Agric., 139:4749.Google Scholar
14. Rahman, A. and James, T. K. 1983. Decreased activity of EPTC + R-25788 following repeated use in some New Zealand soils. Weed Sci. 31:783789.Google Scholar
15. Roeth, F. W. 1986. Enhanced herbicide degradation in soil with repeat application. Rev. of Weed Sci. 2:4565.Google Scholar
16. Skipper, H. D., Murdock, E. C., Gooden, D. T., Zublena, J. P., and Amakiri, M. A. 1986. Enhance herbicide biodegradation in South Carolina soils previously treated with butylate. Weed Sci. 34:558563.Google Scholar
17. Tam, A. C., Behki, R. M., and Khan, S. U. 1986. Isolation and characterization of Arthrobacter spp. from EPTC exposed soil soil:plasmid mediated degradation of the herbicide. 6th International Congress of Pesticide Chemists, Ottawa, Canada.Google Scholar
18. Warnes, D. D. and Behrens, R. 1982. Reduced weed control from repeated annual applications of EPTC and EPTC + R-33865. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 37:59.Google Scholar
19. Wilson, R. G. 1984. Accelerated degradation of thiocarbamate herbicides in soil with prior thiocarbamate herbicide exposure. Weed Sci. 32:264268.Google Scholar