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Effect of Biennial Wormwood (Artemisia biennis) Interference on Sunflower Yield and Seed Quality

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Derek W. Lewis ,
Andrea Cavalieri  and
Robert H. Gulden
Derek W. Lewis
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
Andrea Cavalieri
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
Robert H. Gulden*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: Rob.Gulden@ad.umanitoba.ca
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Abstract

Biennial wormwood has been increasing in Manitoba, Canada, but information is limited on the potential of biennial wormwood to reduce crop yields. Field experiments were conducted over 5 site-yr throughout southern Manitoba in 2010 and 2011 to determine the effect of biennial wormwood density and relative time of biennial wormwood seedling recruitment on sunflower growth, development, yield, and seed quality. Biennial wormwood was broadcast on the soil surface at six densities into sunflowers planted in 75-cm rows, either at the same time the sunflower crop was planted (early weed seedling recruitment) or when the sunflowers were at about the four-leaf stage (late weed seedling recruitment). When biennial wormwood emerged at about the same time as the sunflowers, yield was reduced by up to 46%. Early-recruiting biennial wormwood had minimal effect on sunflower growth and development, but sunflower achene size and individual achene weight were reduced, even when no effect on sunflower yield was observed. Biennial wormwood plants that recruited after the four-leaf stage of the sunflower crop had no effect on sunflower yield or seed quality.

Keywords

Biennial wormwood, Artemisia biennis Willd., ARTBIsunflower, Helianthus annuus L.Crop–weed interferenceplant competitionrectangular hyperbolayield loss
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 154 - 160
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: John L. Linquist, University of Nebraska.

References

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