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Effect of plant age, temperature and humidity on virulence of Ascochyta caulina on common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Reza Ghorbani ,
Wendy Seel ,
Mohammad Hassan Rashed  and
Carlo Leifert
Wendy Seel
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
Mohammad Hassan Rashed
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran
Carlo Leifert
Affiliation:
Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, University of Newcastle, Nafferton Farm, Stocksfields, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE43 7XD, United Kingdom
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Abstract

Common lambsquarters is an important annual weed of many crops world-wide. Ascochyta caulina is a plant pathogenic fungus that, under natural conditions, causes necrotic spots on the leaves and stems of Chenopodium species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of weed growth stage, relative humidity, dew period, and temperature on the infection of A. caulina isolates against common lambsquarters. In greenhouse experiments, replicated groups of common lambsquarters plants were sprayed with different isolates of A. caulina 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 wk after emergence. Both disease severity and pathogen-induced dry weight reduction decreased with plant age. The efficacy of all isolates tested was reduced by high leaf-to-air vapor-pressure deficit. Disease severity was more responsive to relative humidity than temperature. However, a minimum dew period of 6 h was required to cause significant disease severity in common lambsquarters. Among all tested A. caulina isolates, W90–1 gave the highest disease scores under all conditions, with the exception of temperatures ≤15 C.

Keywords

Ascochyta caulina (P. Karst) v.d. Aa & v Kest.common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. CHEAL.Biological controlbioherbicidedew periodspore inoculavapor pressure
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 54 , Issue 3 , June 2006 , pp. 526 - 531
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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