Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T10:21:25.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Environmental and application effects on MON 37500 efficacy and phytotoxicity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Patrick W. Geier ,
Phillip W. Stahlman  and
Jennifer G. Hargett
Phillip W. Stahlman
Affiliation:
Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Hays, KS 67601-9228
Jennifer G. Hargett
Affiliation:
Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Hays, KS 67601-9228
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Experiments were conducted in an environmentally controlled growth chamber to determine the effects of temperature (10/5 or 21/7 C, day/night), soil moisture (7, 14, or 20%), timing (preemergence [PRE] or postemergence [POST]), and rate (9 or 18 g ai ha−1) of application on MON 37500 efficacy on Bromus secalinus L. and toxicity to Triticum aestivum L. MON 37500 reduced B. secalinus plant density an average of 40% but did not reduce T. aestivum density. PRE treatments reduced B. secalinus density 40% compared to 12% with POST applications when plants were grown at 10/5 C. Soil moisture level also influenced plant density, with 7.9 plants per pot when soil moisture was maintained at 7%, compared to 8.5 plants per pot with 14 or 20% soil moisture. MON 37500 reduced B. secalinus dry weight more at 18 g ha−1 than at the 9-g ha−1 rate when grown at 21/7 C, but no rate response occurred at 10/5 C. PRE applications of MON 37500 at 10/5 C decreased B. secalinus dry weight 22% more than PRE applications at 21/7 C or POST applications under either temperature regime. However, PRE applications of MON 37500 at 21/7 C decreased T. aestivum biomass an average of 16%, compared to 3% or less with other treatments. At 21/7 C, B. secalinus dry weight decreased 46% as soil moisture increased from 7 to 20%. Bromus secalinus was 10 to 12% less susceptible to MON 37500 when grown at 7% soil moisture at 10/5 C than when grown at the same temperature at 14 or 20% soil moisture. Triticum aestivum injury was greater at 20% soil moisture under each temperature regime.

Keywords

MON 37500, 1-(2-ethylsulfonylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl)-3-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)ureaBromus secalinus L. BROSE, cheatTriticum aestivum L., wheat, ‘Ike.'Phytotoxicitytemperaturesoil moistureBROSE
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 47 , Issue 6 , December 1999 , pp. 736 - 739
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anonymous. 1995. Agricultural Chemical Usage. 1994. Field Crop Summary. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 106 p.Google Scholar
Beyer, E. M., Duffy, M. J., Hay, J. V., and Schlueter, D. D. 1988. Sulfonylurea herbicides. Pages 118–189 in Kearney, P. C. and Kaufman, D. D., eds. Herbicides: Chemistry, Degradation, and Mode of Action. Volume 3. New York: Marcel Dekker.Google Scholar
Ferreira, K. L., Baker, T. K., and Peeper, T. F. 1990. Factors influencing winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) injury from sulfonylurea herbicides. Weed Technol. 4:724–730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frederickson, D. R. and Shea, P. J. 1986. Effect of soil pH on degradation, movement, and plant uptake of chlorsulfuron. Weed Sci. 34:328–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geier, P. W. and Stahlman, P. W. 1996. Dose-responses of weeds and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) to MON 37500. Weed Technol. 10:870–875.Google Scholar
Geier, P. W., Stahlman, P. W., Northam, F. E., Miller, S. D., and Hageman, N. R. 1998. MON 37500 rate and timing affects downy brome (Bromus tectorum) control in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Sci. 46:36–373.Google Scholar
Hageman, N. R., Blank, S. E., Cramer, G. L., Isakson, P. J., Ryerson, D. K., and Parrish, S. K. 1996. MON 37500: a new selective herbicide to control annual and perennial weeds in wheat. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 49:78–82.Google Scholar
Joshi, M. M., Brown, H. M., and Romesser, J. A. 1985. Degradation of chlorsulfuron by soil microorganisms. Weed Sci. 33:888–893.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mersie, W. and Foy, C. L. 1985. Phytotoxicity and adsorption of chlorsulfuron as affected by soil properties. Weed Sci. 33:564–568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moyer, J. R., Esau, R., and Kozub, G. C. 1990. Chlorsulfuron persistence and response of nine rotational crops in alkaline soils in southern Alberta. Weed Technol. 4:543–548.Google Scholar
Nalewaja, J. D. and Woznica, Z. 1985. Environment and chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity. Weed Sci. 33:395–399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olson, B. L., Al-Khatib, K., Stahlman, P. W., Sunderland, S., Hageman, N. R., and Moran, S. 1999. Adsorption and translocation of MON 37500 in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and other grass species. Weed Sci. 47:37–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peeper, T. F. and Koscelny, J. A. 1996. Cheat control in Oklahoma wheat with MON 37500. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 49:83.Google Scholar
Peterson, M. A. and Arnold, W. E. 1985. Response of rotational crops to soil residues of chlorsulfuron. Weed Sci. 33:131–136.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 1996. SAS System for Mixed Models. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 633 p.Google Scholar
Smith, A. E. and Hsiao, A. I. 1985. Transformation and persistence of chlorsulfuron in prairie field soils. Weed Sci. 33:555–557.Google Scholar
Stahlman, P. W. and El-Hamid, M. A. 1994. Sulfonylurea herbicides suppress downy brome (Bromus tectorum) in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Technol. 8:812–818.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thirunarayanan, K., Zimdahl, R. L., and Smika, D. E. 1985. Chlorsulfuron adsorption and degradation in soil. Weed Sci. 33:558–563.Google Scholar
Walker, A., Cotterill, E. G., and Welch, S. J. 1989. Adsorption and degradation of chlorsulfuron and metsulfuron-methyl in soils from different depths. Weed Res. 29:281–287.Google Scholar
Walker, A. and Welch, S. J. 1989. The relative movement and persistence of chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, and triasulfuron. Weed Res. 29:375–383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar