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Fluorometric Detection of Photosystem II Herbicide Penetration and Detoxification in Whole Leaves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Manfred Voss ,
Gernot Renger ,
Clemens Kötter  and
Peter Gräber
Manfred Voss
Affiliation:
Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-1000 Berlin 12, Germany
Gernot Renger
Affiliation:
Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-1000 Berlin 12, Germany
Clemens Kötter
Affiliation:
Schering AG, D-1000 Berlin 65, Germany
Peter Gräber
Affiliation:
Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-1000 Berlin 12, Germany
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Abstract

The applicability of fluorescence measurements for the detection of herbicide effects in whole leaves was analyzed. Based on the results known for isolated chloroplasts, normalized variable fluorescence of the initial rise was shown to be an appropriate tool for monitoring effects of photosystem II (PS II) herbicides. Equipment is described for monitoring the degree of inhibition by fluorescence induction measurements and microcomputer data analysis. The method is used to study the effect of pyrazon [5-amino-4-chloro-2-phenyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone], BAY DRW 1139 [4-amino-3-methyl-6-phenyl-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one], and phenmedipham {3-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino] phenyl (3-methyl-phenyl)carbamate} after foliar application to different species. A rapid decrease of normalized variable fluorescence indicates penetration into leaf cells of all species tested. During a 5- to 7-day experiment, the apparent variable fluorescence decreased continuously in herbicide-susceptible plants, while it recovered in resistant plants due to an internal detoxification mechanism. The described method provides a rapid, simple, and nondestructive tool for analyzing the kinetics of penetration and detoxification of PS II herbicides in whole leaves.

Keywords

Beta vulgarisGlycine maxPhaseolus vulgarisGossypium hirsutumSpinacea oleraceaphotosynthesispyrazonphenmediphamBAY DRW 1139
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 32 , Issue 5 , September 1984 , pp. 675 - 680
Copyright
Copyright © 1984 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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