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FMC 57020 Effects on Chloroplast Development in Pitted Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) Cotyledons

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Stephen O. Duke ,
William H. Kenyon  and
Rex N. Paul
Stephen O. Duke
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Southern Weed Sci. Lab., Stoneville, MS 38776
William H. Kenyon
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Southern Weed Sci. Lab., Stoneville, MS 38776
Rex N. Paul
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Southern Weed Sci. Lab., Stoneville, MS 38776
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Abstract

The effect of FMC 57020 [2-(2-chlorophenyl) methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxalidinone] on chloroplast development was examined in the cotyledons of 5-day-old, etiolated pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa L. ♯ IPOLA) seedlings grown from seeds inbibed for 24 h in water or 0.5 mM FMC 57020. In etiolated tissues, protochlorophyllide content was unaffected by FMC 57020; however, the herbicide eliminated carotenoid accumulation. There was no effect of FMC 57020 on phytoene or phytofluene content, although norflurazon [4-chloro-5-(methylamino)-2-(3-trifluoromethyl) phenyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone] increased phytoene content in these tissues. The Shibata shift was greatly retarded in FMC 57020-treated cotyledons, suggesting that phytol levels are also reduced by the herbicide. There were no ultrastructural effects on etioplasts; however, under low white light (150 μE·m-2·s-1 PAR), plastids of FMC 57020-treated seedlings did not develop into chloroplasts but rapidly developed ultrastructural symptoms of photobleaching. Starch was not mobilized in herbicide-treated plastids and sugar levels were higher in these plastids than in control plastids. Etiolated hypocotyl growth was inhibited by FMC 57020, whereas norflurazon had no effect upon it. Our results suggest that FMC 57020 blocks both diterpene and tetraterpene synthesis.

Keywords

Carotenoidsbleaching herbicidesterpenoidsIPOLA
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 33 , Issue 6 , November 1985 , pp. 786 - 794
Copyright
Copyright © 1985 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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