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Herbicides As Harvest Aids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

James L. Griffin ,
Joseph M. Boudreaux  and
Donnie K. Miller
James L. Griffin*
Affiliation:
LSU AgCenter, School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, 104 Sturgis Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 79803
Joseph M. Boudreaux
Affiliation:
LSU AgCenter, School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, 104 Sturgis Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 79803
Donnie K. Miller
Affiliation:
LSU AgCenter, Northeast Research Station, Box 438, St. Joseph, LA 71366
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jgriffin@agcenter.lsu.edu
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Abstract

Herbicides used as harvest aids are applied at crop maturity to desiccate weed and crop foliage. Weeds present in the harvested crop can increase moisture content and foreign material, reducing grade and market price. Weeds can also delay the harvest operation and reduce harvest efficiency. Glyphosate can be used to desiccate weeds in glyphosate-resistant crops without concern for crop injury. Carfentrazone and pyraflufen-ethyl used as harvest aids can be effective in desiccating broadleaf weeds in corn and soybean. Paraquat, although effective on grass and broadleaf weeds when applied late season, can cause significant crop injury if applied too early. With expanded production of early maturing soybean cultivars in the mid-South (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri bootheel, and west Tennessee), presence of green stems, green pods, or green leaf retention, or combinations of these at harvest has increased. Interest in harvest aids has shifted to use as a crop desiccant. Paraquat also is an effective soybean desiccant, but application timing differs for indeterminate and determinate cultivars. Paraquat applied after soybean seed reached physiological maturity reduced number of green stems, pods, and retained green leaves present, allowing harvest to proceed 1 to 2 wk earlier than nontreated soybean. Seed moisture, foreign material, and seed damage also were reduced when paraquat was applied.

Keywords

Corn, Zea mays L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrCrop qualitydesiccantdeterminate soybeangrade reductiongreen plant maladyharvest efficiencyindeterminate soybeanphysiological maturitypreharvest application
Type
Symposium
Information
Weed Science , Volume 58 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 355 - 358
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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