Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T20:08:27.677Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Imazethapyr Absorption and Fate in Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Scott J. Nissen ,
Robert A. Masters  and
Robert N. Stougaard
Scott J. Nissen
Affiliation:
Univ. Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
Robert A. Masters
Affiliation:
Univ. Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
Robert N. Stougaard
Affiliation:
Univ. Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Absorption, translocation, root release, and metabolism of imazethapyr by leafy spurge were determined under growth chamber conditions. 14C-imazethapyr was applied to vegetatively propagated leafy spurge plants in a 1% solution of 28% urea ammonium nitrate containing 0.25% by vol nonionic surfactant Plants were harvested 2 and 8 d after herbicide application. Imazethapyr absorption increased from 9% at 2d to 20% at 8d. Acropetal and basipetal translocation out of the treated leaf was observed, with 3.4 to 4.2% of the applied radioactivity accumulating in the root by the end of the 8-d time course. Eight days after herbicide application, radioactivity in dormant and elongated adventitious shoot buds was twofold higher than in root tissue (compared on a dry wt basis). Two days after herbicide application, 93% of the radioactivity remained as intact imazethapyr in the treated leaf, crown, root, and shoot buds. Eight days after application, crown, roots, and adventitious shoot buds had metabolized an average of 61, 36, and 47% of the imazethapyr, respectively, while only 14% was metabolized in the treated leaf. The primary metabolite cochromatographed with 5-hydroxyethyl-imazethapyr standard.

Keywords

Imazethapyr, 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-ethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acidleafy spurge, Euphorbia esula L. # EPHESTranslocationroot releaserangeland weedimidazolinoneperennial weedadventitious shoot budsEPHES
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 42 , Issue 2 , June 1994 , pp. 158 - 162
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Baur, J. R. 1979. Effect of glyphosate on auxin transport in corn and cotton tissues. Plant Physiol. 63:882–886.Google Scholar
2. Cole, T. A., Wehtje, G. R., Wilcut, J. W., and Hicks, T. V. 1989. Behavior of imazethapyr in soybeans (Glycine max), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), and selected weeds. Weed Sci. 37:639–644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Fales, S. L., Hill, R. R., and Hoover, R. J. 1990. Chemical regulation of growth and forage quality of cool-season grasses with the imazethapyr. Agron. J. 82:9–17.Google Scholar
4. Fales, S. L. and Hoover, R. J. 1990. Chemical regulation of alfalfa/grass mixtures with imazethapyr. Agron. J. 82:5–9.Google Scholar
5. Frear, D. S., Swanson, H. R., and Mansager, E. R. 1989. Picloram metabolism in leafy spurge: Isolation and identification of glucose and gentiobiose conjugates. J. Agric. Food Chem. 37:1408–1412.Google Scholar
6. Gottrup, O., O'Sullivan, P. A., Schraa, R. J., and Vanden, W. H. 1976. Absorption, translocation, metabolism and selectivity of glyphosate in Canada thistle and leafy spurge. Weed Res. 16:197–201.Google Scholar
7. Harvey, S. J. and Nowierski, R. M. 1988. Release of postsenescent dormancy in leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) by chilling. Weed Sci. 36:784–786.Google Scholar
8. Hickman, M. V., Messersmith, C. G., and Lym, R. G. 1989. Picloram release from leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) roots in the field. Weed Sci. 37:167–174.Google Scholar
9. Hoagland, D. R. and Arnon, D. I. 1938. The water-culture method for growing plants without soil. Calif. Agric. Exp. Sta. Gr. 347. Page 39.Google Scholar
10. Lee, T. T. 1982. Mode of action of glyphosate in relation to metabolism of indole-3-acetic acid. Physiol. Plant. 54:289–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Lingle, S. and Suttle, J. C. 1985. A model system for the study of 2,4-D translocation in leafy spurge. Can. J. Plant Sci. 65:369–377.Google Scholar
12. Little, D. L. and Shaner, D. L. 1991. Absorption and translocation of the imidazolinone herbicides. Pages 53–71 in Shaner, D. L. and O'Connor, S. I., eds. The Imidazolinone Herbicides. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
13. Lym, R. G. and Messersmith, C. G. 1987. Leafy spurge control and herbicide residue from annual picloram and 2,4-D application. J. Range Manage. 40:194–198.Google Scholar
14. Lym, R. G. and Moxness, K. D. 1989. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of picloram and 2,4-D in leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). Weed Sci. 37:498–502.Google Scholar
15. Masters, R. A., Stougaard, R. N., and Nissen, S. J. 1994. Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) control with fall-applied imazapyr, imazaquin, and imazethapyr. Weed Technol. (in press).Google Scholar
16. Maxwell, B. D., Foley, M. E., and Fay, P. K. 1987. The influence of glyphosate on bud dormancy in leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.). Weed Sci. 35:6–10.Google Scholar
17. Shaner, D. L. 1991. Mode of action of naphthalic acid as a safener for imazethapyr. Z. Naturforsch. 46:893–896.Google Scholar
18. Shaner, D. L. and Mallipudi, N. H. 1991. Mechanisms of selectivity of the imidazolinones. Page 99 in Shaner, D. L. and O'Connor, S. I., eds. The Imidazolinone Herbicides. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
19. Steel, R. G. D. and Torrie, J. H. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. A Biometrical Approach. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York.Google Scholar
20. Turnbull, G. C. and Stephenson, G. R. 1985. Translocation of clopyralid and 2,4-D in Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense). Weed Sci. 33:143–147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar