Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T15:33:38.747Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Influence of Nitrogen Application Timing and Rate on Volunteer Corn Interference in Hybrid Corn

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ryan M. Terry ,
Paul T. Marquardt ,
James J. Camberato  and
William G. Johnson
Ryan M. Terry
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 915 W. State Street, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
Paul T. Marquardt
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 915 W. State Street, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
James J. Camberato
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, 915 W. State Street, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
William G. Johnson*
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 915 W. State Street, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: wgj@purdue.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Volunteer corn (VC) in hybrid corn has become more prevalent in recent years and can reduce grain yield. Nitrogen (N) management can influence VC interference in corn. Field experiments were established to determine the effects of N fertilizer management and VC interference on hybrid corn growth and grain yield. Treatments consisted of three VC densities (control, 0 plants m−2; low density, 1 plant m−2; high density, 4 plants m−2) and six N fertilizer treatments (0 kg N ha−1, 67 kg N ha−1 at planting, 67 kg N ha−1 at planting + 133 kg N ha−1 at V5 corn growth stage, 67 kg N ha−1 at planting + 133 kg N ha−1 at V10 corn growth stage, 200 kg N ha−1 at V5 corn growth stage, and 200 kg N ha−1 at V10 corn growth stage). The effect of VC on hybrid corn was dependent on N rate. When 200 kg N ha−1 was applied, regardless of application timing, hybrid corn dry weight, hybrid corn N content, and hybrid corn grain yield were reduced by the high VC density. However, when VC grain yield was added to hybrid corn grain yield, VC density did not affect total grain yield. When 0 and 67 kg N ha−1 were applied, neither hybrid corn dry weight nor hybrid corn N content was affected by either VC density, but the high VC density reduced hybrid corn grain yield for both N rates by 19% and total grain yield by 9 and 10%, respectively. Application timing of N fertilizer had no effect on hybrid corn dry weight, N content, or grain yield. However, late N fertilizer applications (200 kg N ha−1 at V10 and 67 kg N ha−1 at planting +133 kg N ha−1 at V10) resulted in greater VC N content, VC grain yield, and total yield. Assuming the harvestability of VC, the ability of a late N treatment (V10) to maximize total grain yield allows growers to use a late N application to reduce the competitive effects of VC in hybrid corn.

Keywords

Corn, Zea mays LCompetitionglyphosate-resistant volunteer corninterferencenitrogen
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 60 , Issue 3 , September 2012 , pp. 510 - 515
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anderson, E. L., Kamprath, E. J., and Moll, R. H. 1984. Nitrogen fertility effects on accumulation, remobilization, and partitioning of N and dry matter in corn genotypes differing in prolificacy. Agron. J. 76:397–404.Google Scholar
Andraski, T. W., Bundy, L. G., and Brye, K. R. 2000. Crop management and corn nitrogen rate effects on nitrate leaching. J. Environ. Qual. 29:1095–1103.Google Scholar
Below, F. E., Christensen, L. E., Reed, A. J., and Hageman, R. H. 1981. Availability of reduced N and carbohydrates for ear development of maize. Plant Physiol. 68:1186–1190.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blandino, M., Reyneri, A., and Vanara, F. 2008. Effect of plant density on toxigenic fungal infection and myotoxin contamination of maize kernels. Field Crop Res. 106:234–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cathcart, R. J. and Swanton, C. J. 2003. Nitrogen management will influence threshold values of green foxtail (Setaria viridis) in corn. Weed Sci. 51:975–986.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cordes, J. C., Johnson, W. G., Scharf, P., and Smeda, R. J. 2004. Late-emerging common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis Sauer) interference in conventional-tillage corn (Zea mays L.). Weed Technol. 18:999–1005.Google Scholar
Fox, R. H., Kern, J. M., and Piekielek, W. P. 1986. Nitrogen fertilizer source, and method and time of application effects on no-till corn yields and nitrogen uptake. Agron. J. 78:741–746.Google Scholar
Hans, S. R. and Johnson, W. G. 2002. Influence of shattercane [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] interference in corn (Zea mays L.) yield and nitrogen accumulation. Weed Technol. 16:787–791.Google Scholar
Hellwig, K. B., Johnson, W. G., and Scharf, P. C. 2002. Grass weed interference and nitrogen accumulation in no-tillage corn. Weed Sci. 50:757–762.Google Scholar
Johnson, W. G., Ott, E. J., Gibson, K. D., Nielsen, R. L., and Bauman, T. T. 2007. Influence of nitrogen application timing on low density giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) interference in corn. Weed Technol. 21:763–767.Google Scholar
Magulama, E. E. 2009. Inheritance of glyphosate resistance trait and its yield expression in three-way cross maize hybrids. Univ. South. Mindinao R & D. 1:39–43.Google Scholar
Malcolm, S. and Aillery, M. 2009. Growing crops for biofuel has spillover effects. Amber Waves. 7:10–15. http://www.ers.usda.gov/AmberWaves/March09/PDF/Biofuels.pdf. Accessed: November 15, 2011.Google Scholar
Marquardt, P. T., Krupke, C. H., Camberato, J., and Johnson, W. G. 2012. The effect of nitrogen rate on volunteer corn Bt protein expression. Abstracts of the Weed Science Society of America, Kailua-Kona, HI. Abstract #425.Google Scholar
Pedersen, P. and Lauer, J. G. 2002. Influence of rotation sequence on the optimum corn and soybean plant population. Agron. J. 94:968–974.Google Scholar
Ritchie, S. W., Hanway, J. J., and Benson, G. O. 1992. How a Corn Plant Develops. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 33 p.Google Scholar
Russelle, M. P., Deibert, E. J., Hauck, R. D., Stevanovic, M., and Olson, R. A. 1981. Effects of water and nitrogen management on yield and 15N-depleted fertilizer use efficiency of irrigated corn. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 45:553–558.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scharf, P. C., Brouder, S. M., and Hoeft, R. G. 2006. Chlorophyll meter readings can predict nitrogen need and yield response of corn in north-central USA. Agron. J. 98:655–665.Google Scholar
Scharf, P. C., Wiebold, W. J., and Lory, J. A. 2002. Corn yield response to nitrogen fertilizer timing and deficiency level. Agron. J. 94:435–441.Google Scholar
Shauck, T. C. and Smeda, R. J. 2011. Factors influencing corn harvest losses in Missouri. Online. Crop Management DOI:10.1094/CM-2011-0926-01-RS. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/sub/cm/research/2011/losses/. Accessed January 2, 2011.Google Scholar
Stanger, T. F. and Lauer, J. G. 2006. Optimum plant population of Bt and non-Bt corn in Wisconsin. Agron. J. 98:914–921.Google Scholar
Swank, J. C., Below, F. E., Lambert, R. J., and Hageman, R. H. 1982. Interaction of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in productivity of maize. Plant Physiol. 70:1185–1190.Google Scholar
Turner, R. E. and Rabalais, N. N. 2003. Linking landscape and water quality in the Mississippi River basin for 200 years. Bioscience. 53:563–572.Google Scholar
[USDA–ERS] U.S. Department of Agriculture–Economic Research Service. 2008. U.S. Fertilizer Price and Use. http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/FertilizerUse. Accessed: November 16, 2009.Google Scholar
[USDA–ERS] U.S. Department of Agriculture–Economic Research Service. 2011. Adoption of Genetically Engineered Crops in the U.S. http://www.ers.usda.gov/data/biotechcrops. Accessed: October 5, 2011.Google Scholar
Vitosh, M. L., Johnson, J. W., and Mengel, D. B. 1995. Tri-state fertilizer recommendations for corn, soybeans, wheat, and alfalfa. Purdue Extension Bulletin, E-2567. 35 p.Google Scholar