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Influence of photoperiod and temperature on vegetative growth and development of Florida betony (Stachys floridana)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

J. Scott McElroy ,
Fred H. Yelverton ,
Joseph C. Neal  and
Thomas W. Rufty Jr.
Fred H. Yelverton
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Joseph C. Neal
Affiliation:
Horticultural Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609
Thomas W. Rufty Jr.
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
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Abstract

Experiments were conducted in environmental chambers to the evaluate effects of photoperiod and temperature on Florida betony growth and development. Plants were exposed to two photoperiods, short day (9 h) and long day (9 + 3 h night interruption), and three day/night temperature regimes, 18/14, 22/18, and 26/22 C. After 10 wk of growth, shoot length and weight were 3.4 and 3.5 times greater, respectively, in the long-day photoperiod and with the 26 and 22 than with the 22 and 18 C day and night temperature regime, respectively. Shoot number, however, was greatest in the short-day photoperiod and at a lower temperature of 22/18 C. Shoot number in long day 22/18 C and 26/22 C environments increased asymptotically. No difference in root weight was observed between long- and short-day environments, but root weight increased with increasing temperature. Flowering and tuber production only occurred in long-day environments, with greater production of both at higher temperatures. Results provide a general framework for understanding Florida betony growth and development characteristics in the field and provide insights that should be considered in developing control strategies.

Keywords

Florida betony, Stachys floridana ShuttlewDay lengthtuber formationweed biology
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 52 , Issue 2 , April 2004 , pp. 267 - 270
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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