Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T06:39:51.275Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interaction of Surfactant and Herbicide Treatments on Single Cells of Leaves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

C. A. Towne ,
P. G. Bartels  and
J. L. Hilton
C. A. Towne
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. of Arizona
P. G. Bartels
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. of Arizona
J. L. Hilton
Affiliation:
Agric. Envir. Qual. Inst., U. S. Dep. Agric., Beltsville, MD
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Enzymatically isolated mesophyll cells of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Kino’] and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Stoneville 1613 glandless’) were used to study the effects of three surfactants, I = ‘Sterox SK’ (polyoxyethylene thioether), II = ‘Renex 36’ (polyoxyethylene-6-tridecylether), and III = ‘WSCP’ [polyoxyethylene (dimethylimino) ethylene (dimethylimino) ethylene dichloride] alone or in combination with two herbicides, D-497 (1,1-dimethyl-4,6-diisopropyl-5-indanylethyl ketone) and oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfanilamide) on cell permeability, photosynthetic 14CO2 fixation and cellular ultrastructure. Greatest amount of efflux of 14C-labeled material from soybean cells was caused by III, whereas other surfactants or herbicides produced only slightly higher effluxes than the controls. Mixtures of oryzalin-I or -II were the only combinations that enhanced efflux in soybean cells above that of cells treated with the surfactant or herbicide alone. However, on cotton cells all surfactants and oryzalin caused considerable leakage but no synergistic effects. Sugars were the predominant compounds leaked from the treated and control cells. Disorganization of all cellular membranes was caused by III whereas I and II disrupted only the chloroplast grana-intergrana thylakoids, causing abnormal grana. Herbicidal damage to the cell ultrastructure was minimal. Cells treated with combinations of surfactants and herbicides produced only those ultrastructural symptoms that the individual chemicals caused when applied alone. Photosynthetic CO2 fixation was inhibited in both cotton and soybean cells treated with surfactants and (or) herbicides. Interference with membrane integrity, either directly by interaction with membranes or indirectly by interference with cellular energy generating systems that maintain membrane integrity is the postulated mode of action of these surfactants and herbicides.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 26 , Issue 2 , March 1978 , pp. 182 - 188
Copyright
Copyright © 1978 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Anderson, J. L. and Schaelling, J. P. 1970. Effects of pyrazon on bean chloroplast ultrastructure. Weed Sci. 18:455–459.Google Scholar
2. Anderson, J. L. and Thomson, W. W. 1973. Effects of herbicides on ultrastructure of plant cells. Residue Review. 47:167–189.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3. Ashton, F. M., Gifford, E. M., and Bisalputra, J. 1963. Structural changes in Phaseolus vulgaris induced by atrazine. II. Effects on the fine structure of chloroplasts. Bot. Gaz. 124:336–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Engstrom, A. and Finean, J. B. 1958. Biological ultrastructure. Academic Press, New York. 326 pp.Google Scholar
5. Freed, V. H. and Montgomery, N. 1958. The effect of surfactants on foliar absorption of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. Weeds 6:386–389.Google Scholar
6. Haapala, E. 1970. The effect of a non-ionic detergent on some plant cells. Physiol. Plant. 23:187–201.Google Scholar
7. Jansen, L. L., Gentner, W. A., and Shaw, W. C. 1961. Effects of surfactants on the herbicidal activity of several herbicides in aqueous spray systems. Weeds 9:381–405.Google Scholar
8. Jansen, L. L. 1964. Surfactant enhancement of herbicide entry. Weeds 12:251–254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Klein, S. and Neuman, J. 1966. Greening of etiolated bean leaves and development of chloroplast fine structure in absence of photosynthesis. Plant Cell Physiol. 7:115–123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. McDermott, E. E. and Elton, G. A. 1971. Effect of surfactants on the α-amylase activity of wheat flour. J. Sci. Food Agric. 22:131–135.Google Scholar
11. McWhorter, C. G. 1963. Effects of surfactant concentration on Johnsongrass control with Dalapon. Weeds 11:83–86.Google Scholar
12. Miller, G. M. and St. John, J. B. 1974. Membrane surfactant interactions in lipid micelles labeled with 1-anilo-8-naphthalenesulfonate. Plant Physiol. 54:527–531.Google Scholar
13. Moreland, D. E., Farmer, F. S., and Hussey, G. G. 1972. Inhibition of photosynthesis and respiration by substituted 2,6-dinitroaniline herbicides. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 2:354–363.Google Scholar
14. Nethery, A. A. 1967. Inhibition of mitosis by surfactants. Cytologia 32:321–327.Google Scholar
15. Neumann, P. M. and Prinz, P. 1974. Evaluation of surfactants for use in the spray treatment of iron chlorosis in citrus trees. J. Sci. Food Agric. 25:221–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Newman, J. and Jagendorf, A. 1965. Uncoupling photophosphorylation by detergents. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 109:382–389.Google Scholar
17. Parr, J. F. and Norman, A. G. 1965. Considerations in the use of surfactants in plant systems: A review. Bot. Gaz. 126:86–96.Google Scholar
18. Porter, E. M. and Bartels, P. G. 1977. Use of single leaf cells to study mode of action of SAN6706 on soybean and cotton. Weed Sci. 25:60–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19. Rehfeld, D. W. and Jensen, R. G. 1973. Metabolism of separated cells. III. Effects of calcium and ammonium on product distribution during photosynthesis with cotton cells. Plant Physiol. 52:17–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20. Shellhorn, S. J. and Hull, H. M. 1971. A carrier for some water-soluble herbicides. Weed Sci. 19:102–106.Google Scholar
21. Smith, L. W. and Foy, C. L. 1966. Interaction of several paraquatsurfactant mixtures. Weeds 15:67–72.Google Scholar
22. Spurr, A. R. 1969. A low viscosity epozy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 26:31–36.Google Scholar
23. Sutton, D. L. and Foy, C. L. 1971. Effect of diquat and several surfactants on membrane permeability in red beet root tissue. Bot. Gaz. 132:299–304.Google Scholar
24. St. John, J. B., Bartels, P. G., and Hilton, J. L. 1974. Surfactant effects on isolated plant cells. Weed Sci. 22:233–237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. Temple, R. E. and Hilton, H. W. 1963. The effect of surfactants on the water solubility of herbicides and the foliar phytotoxicity of surfactants. Weeds 11:297–300.Google Scholar