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Interaction of White Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivars, Row Spacing, and Seeding Density with Annual Weeds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Vikram S. Malik ,
Clarence J. Swanton  and
Tom E. Michaels
Vikram S. Malik
Affiliation:
Crop Sci., Univ. Guelph, Guelph, Ont. N1G 2W1
Clarence J. Swanton
Affiliation:
Crop Sci., Univ. Guelph, Guelph, Ont. N1G 2W1
Tom E. Michaels
Affiliation:
Crop Sci., Univ. Guelph, Guelph, Ont. N1G 2W1
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted at the Elora Research Station, Elora, Ontario, in 1988 and 1989 to quantify the inherent competitive ability of three white bean cultivars: OAC Gryphon, OAC Sprint, and OAC Laser growing with a naturally occurring population of annual weeds. An attempt was made to increase the competitive ability of these cultivars by altering row spacing and seeding density. Uncontrolled populations of weeds reduced white bean yields by 70%. OAC Gryphon and OAC Laser reduced weed biomass by 10 to 35% compared to OAC Sprint. The ability of cultivars to reduce weed biomass was further enhanced in medium and narrow rows compared to traditional wide rows. Cultivar, row spacing, and seeding density combinations which maximized leaf area index when grown under weedy conditions also had significantly less weed biomass. However, cultivar selection, row spacing, and seeding density did not reduce weed density. A significant negative correlation was observed between weed biomass accumulation and final yield of white bean. For each kg ha−1 increase in weed biomass the corresponding white bean yield loss averaged 0.380 kg ha−1. Season-long weed competition significantly reduced total number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight.

Keywords

White bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. ‘OAC Gryphon’‘OAC Sprint’‘OAC Laser’Dry beansnavy beansseeding raterow widthplanting patterncrop-weed competition
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 41 , Issue 1 , March 1993 , pp. 62 - 68
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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