Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T09:17:12.141Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interrelations of Tillage and Weed Control for Soybean (Glycine max) Production

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Charles L. Webber III ,
Harold D. Kerr  and
Maurice R. Gebhardt
Charles L. Webber III
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Crop Prod. Res. Unit, Agric. Eng. Bldg., Univ. Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
Harold D. Kerr
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Crop Prod. Res. Unit, Agric. Eng. Bldg., Univ. Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
Maurice R. Gebhardt
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Crop Prod. Res. Unit, Agric Eng. Bldg., Univ. Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A 3-yr (1982, 1983, and 1984) study was conducted to determine the relationship between tillage and six weed control treatments for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Williams 79′] production on silt loam (Udollic and Mollic Ochraqualfs). Conventional tillage consisted of spring moldboard plowing and secondary tillage with a combination tool just before planting. No-tillage consisted of a foliar application of glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] at the time of planting. Weed control treatments included combinations of no weed control with and without soybean plants, preemergence herbicide application only, postemergence herbicide application only, and combined preemergence and postemergence applications with and without additional handweeding. In 1982, a year of above-normal seasonal rainfall, conventional tillage had significantly greater soybean grain yields than no-tillage for all weed control treatments except the preemergence-only treatment. Yields within tillage systems and between weed control treatments in 1982 were not significantly different because adequate rainfall reduced the effect of weed competition for soil moisture. Soybean seed yields in 1983 and 1984 in no-tillage were equal to or significantly greater than those of conventional tillage. No-tillage treatments had greater soil moisture conservation and soil moisture availability resulting in less plant water stress during podfilling in periods of drought in 1983 and 1984. In all 3 yr, conventional tillage had significantly greater early weed growth than no-tillage in the treatments with and without soybean plants where no preemergence or postemergence herbicides were used. Comparing treatments with and without soybean plants indicated an average increase of 36 and 38% weed control for no-tillage and conventional tillage, respectively.

Keywords

No-tillagecompetitioninterferenceconservation tillageherbicidesGlycine max
Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technolgy
Information
Weed Science , Volume 35 , Issue 6 , November 1987 , pp. 830 - 836
Copyright
Copyright © 1987 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Black, C. C., Chen, T. M., and Brown, R. H. 1969. Biochemical basis for plant competition. Weed Sci. 17:338–344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Blevins, R. L. and Cook, D. 1970. No-tillage — its influence on soil moisture and soil temperature. Prog. Rep. 187, Univ. Kentucky Agric. Exp. Stn., Lexington, KY. Pages 5–15.Google Scholar
3. Boyer, J. S. 1970. Differing sensitivity of photosynthesis to low leaf water potentials in corn and soybean. Plant Physiol. 46:236–239.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4. Dick, W. A. and Van Doren, D. M. Jr. 1985. Continuous tillage and rotation combinations effects on corn, soybean, and oat yields. Agron. J. 77:459–465.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Doss, B. D., Pearson, R. W., and Rogers, H. T. 1974. Effect of soil water stress at various growth stages on soybean yield. Agron. J. 66:297–299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Douglas, E. and McKyes, E. 1983. Tillage practices related to limiting plant growth factors and crop yields. Can. Agric. Eng. 25:47–55.Google Scholar
7. Duffy, M. and Hanthorn, M. 1984. Returns to corn and soybean tillage practices. U.S. Dep. Agric. Econ. Res. Serv. Rep. 508 (AER-508). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. 14 p.Google Scholar
8. Erbach, D. C. and Lovely, W. G. 1975. Effect of plant residue on herbicide performance in no-tillage corn. Weed Sci. 23:512–515.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Gebhardt, M. R., Daniel, T. C., Schweizer, E. E., and Allmaras, R. R. 1985. Conservation tillage. Science 230:625–630.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10. Gebhardt, M. R. and Minor, H. C. 1983. Soybean production systems for claypan soils. Agron. J. 75:532–537.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Kapusta, G. 1979. Seedbed tillage and herbicide influence on soybean (Glycine max) weed control and yield. Weed Sci. 27: 520–526.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. LeClerg, E. L. (Chairman). 1965. Losses in agriculture. U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Handb. No. 291. 120 pp.Google Scholar
13. Moomaw, R. S. and Burnside, O. C. 1979. Corn residue management and weed control in close-drilled soybeans. Agron. J. 71: 78–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Murphy, T. R. and Gossett, B. J. 1981. Influence of shading by soybeans (Glycine max) on weed suppression. Weed Sci. 29:610–615.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Mutchler, C. K. and Greer, J. D. 1983. Reduced tillage for soybeans. ASAE Paper No. 83-2537, Am. Soc. Agric. Eng., St. Joseph, MI. 13 pp.Google Scholar
16. Pavlychenko, T. K. 1949. Plant competition and weed control. Agric. Inst. Rev. 4:142–145.Google Scholar
17. Phillips, R. E., Blevins, R. L., Thomas, G. W., Frye, W. W., and Phillips, S. H. 1980. No-tillage agriculture. Science 208:1108–1113.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18. Phillips, S. H. and Young, H. M. Jr. 1973. No-tillage farming. Reiman Associates, Inc., Milwaukee, WI. 224 pp.Google Scholar
19. Phillips, W. M. 1964. A new technique of controlling weeds in sorghum in a wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation in the Great Plains. Weed Sci. 12:42–44.Google Scholar
20. Robinson, E. L., Langdale, G. W., and Stuedemann, J. A. 1984. Effect of three weed control regimes on no-till and tilled soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 32:17–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Siemens, J. C. and Oschwald, W. R. 1978. Corn-soybean tillage systems: Erosion control, effects on crop production, costs. Trans. ASAE 21:293–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Snedecor, G. W. and Cochran, W. G. 1967. Statistical methods. Sixth Edition. Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames, IA. 593 pp.Google Scholar
23. Staniforth, D. W. 1958. Soybean-foxtail competition under varying soil moisture conditions. Agron. J. 50:13–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Taylor, H. M. 1980. Soybean growth and yield as affected by row spacing and by seasonal water supply. Agron. J. 72:543–547.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. TeKrony, D. M., Egli, D. B., and Henson, G. 1981. A visual indicator of physiological maturity in soybean plants. Agron. J. 73:553–556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26. Thompson, W. R. Jr. 1981. Ten steps to higher soybeans and profits. Spec. Suppl., Prog. Farming 96:15–16.Google Scholar
27. Tollner, E. W., Hargrove, W. L., and Langdale, G. W. 1984. Influence of conventional and no-till practices on soil physical properties in the southern Piedmont. J. Soil Water Conserv. 39(1):73–76.Google Scholar
28. Van Doren, D. M. Jr., Triplett, G. B. Jr., and Henry, J. E. 1977. Influence of long-term tillage and crop rotation combinations on crop yields and selected soil parameters for an Aeric Ochraqualf soil. Res. Bull. 1091, Ohio Agric. Res. and Dev. Ctr., Wooster, OH. 27 pp.Google Scholar
29. Wenkert, W., Lemon, E. R., and Sinclair, T. R. 1978. Changes in water potential during pressure bomb measurement. Agron. J. 70:353–355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar