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Kyllinga brevifolia, K. squamulata, and K. pumila seed germination as influenced by temperature, light, and nitrate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

David B. Lowe ,
Ted Whitwell ,
Lambert B. McCarty  and
William C. Bridges
Ted Whitwell
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, D-139 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0375
Lambert B. McCarty
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, D-139 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0375
William C. Bridges
Affiliation:
Department of Experimental Statistics, F-148 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
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Abstract

Kyllinga species are becoming more prevalent in turfgrass sites throughout North America. The effects of nitrate (50, 200, and 400 mg L−1), temperature (33/24, 25/17, 19/11 C day/night, respectively), and light on seed germination of three Kyllinga species were investigated in growth chambers. Nitrate concentrations did not stimulate Kyllinga species seed germination compared with untreated seeds. All Kyllinga species seeds failed to germinate in darkness but resumed germination once they were placed in light. This is an important pest management strategy because a dense, uniform turfgrass stand with its minimum light penetration to the soil would minimize Kyllinga species seed germination. Higher temperatures increased seed germination rate and percentage of each species after 8 wk. Maximal (> 90%) K. brevifolia germination occurred 2 to 4 wk after initiation in every seed study, whereas K. squamulata seeds germinated continuously. Minimal (< 10%) K. pumila seeds germinated until alternating diurnal temperatures were imposed.

Keywords

Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. KYLBR, green kyllingaKyllinga pumila Michaux., tufted kyllinga (proposed common name)Kyllinga squamulata Thonn. ex Vahl, cock's comb kyllinga (proposed common name)Turfgrass weedKYLBR
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 47 , Issue 6 , December 1999 , pp. 657 - 661
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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