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Local Conditions, Not Regional Gradients, Drive Demographic Variation of Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) and Common Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) Across Northern U.S. Maize Belt

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Sam E. Wortman ,
Adam S. Davis ,
Brian J. Schutte ,
John L. Lindquist ,
John Cardina ,
Joel Felix ,
Christy L. Sprague ,
J. Anita Dille ,
Analiza H. M. Ramirez  and
Graig Reicks
...Show all authors
Sam E. Wortman*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
Adam S. Davis
Affiliation:
U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
Brian J. Schutte
Affiliation:
U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
John L. Lindquist
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
John Cardina
Affiliation:
Ohio State University, OARDC–Wooster, 116 Gourley Hall, Wooster, OH 44691
Joel Felix
Affiliation:
Ohio State University, OARDC–Wooster, 116 Gourley Hall, Wooster, OH 44691
Christy L. Sprague
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, A466 Plant and Soil Sciences Building, East Lansing, MI 48824
J. Anita Dille
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Manhattan, KS 66506
Analiza H. M. Ramirez
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Manhattan, KS 66506
Graig Reicks
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Hall Box 2207A, Brookings, SD 57007
Sharon A. Clay
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Hall Box 2207A, Brookings, SD 57007
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: sam.wortman@huskers.unl.edu
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Abstract

Knowledge of environmental factors influencing demography of weed species will improve understanding of current and future weed invasions. The objective of this study was to quantify regional-scale variation in vital rates of giant ragweed and common sunflower. To accomplish this objective, a common field experiment was conducted across seven sites between 2006 and 2008 throughout the north central U.S. maize belt. Demographic parameters of both weed species were measured in intra- and interspecific competitive environments, and environmental data were collected within site-years. Site was the strongest predictor of belowground vital rates (summer and winter seed survival and seedling recruitment), indicating sensitivity to local abiotic conditions. However, biotic factors influenced aboveground vital rates (seedling survival and fecundity). Partial least squares regression (PLSR) indicated that demography of both species was most strongly influenced by thermal time and precipitation. The first PLSR components, both characterized by thermal time, explained 63.2% and 77.0% of variation in the demography of giant ragweed and common sunflower, respectively; the second PLSR components, both characterized by precipitation, explained 18.3% and 8.5% of variation, respectively. The influence of temperature and precipitation is important in understanding the population dynamics and potential distribution of these species in response to climate change.

Keywords

Giant ragweed, Ambrosia trifida L. AMBTRcommon sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. HELANmaize, Zea mays Lsoybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrVital ratesweed demographyplant distributionclimate changeenvironmental clinespopulation dynamics
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 60 , Issue 3 , September 2012 , pp. 440 - 450
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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