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Modeling the emergence of North African knapweed (Centaurea diluta), an increasingly troublesome weed in Spain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

Carlos Sousa-Ortega Open the ORCID record for Carlos Sousa-Ortega [Opens in a new window] ,
Aritz Royo-Esnal Open the ORCID record for Aritz Royo-Esnal [Opens in a new window] ,
Antonio DiTommaso Open the ORCID record for Antonio DiTommaso [Opens in a new window] ,
Jordi Izquierdo Open the ORCID record for Jordi Izquierdo [Opens in a new window] ,
Iñigo Loureiro Open the ORCID record for Iñigo Loureiro [Opens in a new window] ,
Ana I. Marí Open the ORCID record for Ana I. Marí [Opens in a new window] ,
Fernando Cordero ,
Manuel Vargas ,
Milagros Saavedra  and
José A. Paramio
...Show all authors
Carlos Sousa-Ortega*
Affiliation:
Ph.D Candidate, Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria Agronomica, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
Aritz Royo-Esnal
Affiliation:
Researcher, Departamento d’Hortofruticultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Agrària, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
Antonio DiTommaso
Affiliation:
Professor and Chair, Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
Jordi Izquierdo
Affiliation:
Professor, Departamento d’Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
Iñigo Loureiro
Affiliation:
Titular Researcher, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
Ana I. Marí
Affiliation:
Reseacher, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Zaragoza, Spain
Fernando Cordero
Affiliation:
Researcher, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Toledo, Spain
Manuel Vargas
Affiliation:
Researcher, Field Trial Services Agroconsulting, Sevilla, Spain
Milagros Saavedra
Affiliation:
Researcher, Protección de Cultivos, Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera, Cordoba, Spain
José A. Paramio
Affiliation:
Researcher, Asociación de Investigación para la Mejora del Cultivo de la Remolacha Azucarera, Valladolid, Spain
José L. Fernández
Affiliation:
Researcher, ADAMA Agriculture España SA, Madrid, Spain
Joel Torra
Affiliation:
Professor, Departamento d’Hortofruticultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Ènginyeria Agrària, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
José M. Urbano
Affiliation:
Professor, Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria Agronomica, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
*
Author for correspondence: Carlos Sousa-Ortega, Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, ETSIA, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain. (Email: csousa1@us.es)
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Abstract

North African knapweed (Centaurea diluta Aiton) is an annual weed that is widespread in southern Spain and is of increasing concern in dryland cropping systems. Despite its expanding range in Spain, there is limited information on the emergence timing and pattern of this species, knowledge of which is critical for developing more timely and effective management strategies. Therefore, there is a need to develop simple and reliable models to predict the timing and emergence of this annual weed under dryland conditions. A multi-location field experiment was established across Spain in 2016 to 2017 to assess the emergence of C. diluta. At each of 11 locations, seeds were sown in the fall, and emergence was recorded. Overall emergence averaged 39% in the first year across all sites and 11% in the second year. In both years, the main emergence flush occurred at the beginning of the growing season. A three-parameter Weibull function best described seedling emergence of C. diluta. Emergence models were developed based on thermal time (TT) and hydrothermal time (HTT) and showed high predictability, as evidenced by root mean-square error prediction values of 10.8 and 10.7, respectively. Three cardinal points were established for TT and HHT at 0.5, 10, and 35 C for base, optimal, and ceiling temperatures, respectively, while base water potential was estimated at −0.5 MPa.

Keywords

Hydrothermal modelNorth African knapweedRMSEPseedling emergence modelthermal modelWeibull
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 68 , Issue 3 , May 2020 , pp. 268 - 277
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2020

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Ramon G. Leon, North Carolina State University

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