Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T13:15:20.081Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Modeling weed emergence as a function of meteorological records

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Andrea C. Grundy  and
Andrew Mead
Andrew Mead
Affiliation:
Biometrics Department, Horticulture Research International, Wellesbourne, Warwick CV35 9EF, Great Britain
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Unique long-term historical emergence records were used to assess the association between weed seedling emergence and various elements of meteorological data. These elements included both temperature-based and rainfall-related variables in the 7-d periods before and during which emergence occurred. Five weed species (Stellaria media, Chenopodium album, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Matricaria perforata, and Veronica hederifolia) with contrasting emergence patterns were studied in disturbed soil. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify meteorological variables of interest and allowed their relative importance to be assessed and ranked. Logistic regression was further used to associate probabilities of emergence with observed levels of important individual meteorological elements. This approach enabled prediction of the probability of emergence following given meteorological conditions and hence an assessment of the risk of omitting weed control measures. Predictions were made based on single meteorological variables and compared with observed data. Results indicated that temperature was the dominant factor in predicting emergence. Soil moisture, while also important, was a secondary factor only becoming important once the species-specific temperature requirement had been satisfied. The potential for further development of the model is discussed.

Keywords

Stellaria media (L.) Vill. STEME, common chickweedChenopodium album L. CHEAL, common lambsquartersCapsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medicus CAPBP, shepherd's-purseMatricaria perforata Merat. MATIN, scentless chamomileVeronica hederifolia L. VERHE, ivyleaf speedwellDecision support systemseedbankweed ecologyCAPBPCHEALMATINSTEMEVERHE
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 48 , Issue 5 , October 2000 , pp. 594 - 603
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Baskin, C. C. and Baskin, J. M., eds. 1998. Types of seed dormancy. Pages 27–47 In Seeds; Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. London, Great Britain: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Bond, W. and Baker, P. J. 1990. Patterns of Weed Emergence Following Soil Cultivation and its Implications for Weed Control in Vegetable Crops. Farnham, UK: British Crop Protection Council Monogr. 45, pp. 63–68.Google Scholar
Bouwmeester, H. J. and Karssen, C. M. 1993. Seasonal periodicity in germination of seeds of Chenopodium album L. Ann. Bot. 72:463–473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buhler, D. D., King, R. P., Swinton, S. M., Gunsolus, J. L., and Forcella, F. 1996. Field evaluation of a bioeconomic model for weed management in corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci. 44:915–923.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cardina, J. and Sparrow, D. H. 1996. A comparison of methods to predict weed seedling populations from the soil seedbank. Weed Sci. 44:46–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Egley, G. H. 1995. Seed germination in soil: dormancy cycles. Pages 529–543. In Kiegel, J. and Galili, G., ed. Seed Development and Germination. New York: Marcel Dekker.Google Scholar
Erviö, L.-R. 1981. The emergence of weeds in the field. Ann. Agric. Fenniae 20:292–303.Google Scholar
Finch, S., Collier, R. H., and Phelps, K. 1996. A review of work done to forecast pest insect attacks in UK horticultural plots. Crop Prot. 15:353–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finch-Savage, W. E. 1990. Estimating the optimum time of irrigation to improve vegetable crop establishment. Acta Hortic. 278:807–814.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forcella, F. 1992. Prediction of weed seedling densities from buried seed reserves. Weed Res. 32:29–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forcella, F. 1993. Seedling emergence model for velvetleaf. Agron. J 85:929–933.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forcella, F. 1998. Real-time assessment of seed dormancy and seedling growth for weed management. Seed Sci. Res. 8:201–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forcella, F., Eradat-Oskoui, K., and Wagner, S. W. 1993. Application of weed seedbank ecology to low-input crop management. Ecol. Appl. 3:74–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Forcella, F., Wilson, R. G., Dekker, J., et al. 1997. Weed seed bank emergence across the corn belt. Weed Sci. 45:67–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Genstat 5 Committee. 1993. Genstat™ 5 Release 3 Reference Manual, Section 8.5, Generalised Linear Models. Oxford, Great Britain: Clarendon Press, pp. 415–434.Google Scholar
Grundy, A. C. and Mead, A. 1998. Modelling the effect of seed depth on weed seedling emergence. Asp. Appl. Biol. 51:75–82.Google Scholar
Grundy, A. C., Mead, A., and Bond, W. 1996. Modelling the effect of weed-seed distribution in the soil profile on seedling emergence. Weed Res. 36:375–384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grundy, A. C., Mead, A., and Burston, S. 1999. Modelling the effect of cultivation on seed movement with application to the prediction of weed seedling emergence. J. Appl. Ecol. 36:663–678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gummerson, R. J. 1986. The effect of constant temperatures and osmotic potential on the germination of sugar beet. J. Exp. Bot. 37:729–741.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, S. J. and Forcella, F. 1993. Vernal seedling emergence model for common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album). Weed Sci. 41:309–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karssen, C. M. 1982. Seasonal patterns of dormancy in weed seeds. Pages 243–270 In Khan, A. A., ed. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination. Amsterdam: Elsevier Biomedical Press.Google Scholar
Lawson, H. M., Waister, P. D., and Stephens, R. J. 1974. Patterns of Emergence of Several Important Arable Weed Species. Farnham, UK: British Crop Protection Council Monogr. 9, pp. 121–135.Google Scholar
Lybecker, D. W., Schweizer, E. E., and King, R. P. 1991. Weed management decisions in corn based on bioeconomic modeling. Weed Sci. 39:124–129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, E.J.P. and Brain, P. 1999. The horizontal movement of seeds in arable soil by different soil cultivation methods. J. Appl. Ecol. 36:443–454 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohler, C. L. and Galford, A. E. 1997. Weed seedling emergence and seed survival: separating the effects on seed position and soil modification by tillage. Weed Res. 17:147–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mortensen, D. A., Bastiaans, L., and Sattin, M. 2000. The role of ecology in the devlopment of weed management systems: an outlook. Weed Res. 40:49–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogg, A. G. and Dawson, J. H. 1984. Time of emergence of eight weed species. Weed Sci. 32:327–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Probert, R. J. 1992. The role of temperature in germination ecophysiology. Pages 285–325 In Fenner, M., ed. Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, Great Britain: CAB International.Google Scholar
Reader, R. J., Sutherland, R. A., and Phelps, K. 1997. Procedure HEATUNITS. Pages 216–217 In Payne, R. W., Arnold, G. M., and Morgan, G. W., eds. Genstat 5 Release 4.1 Procedure Library Manual PL10. Oxford, Great Britain: Numerical Algorithms Group.Google Scholar
Roberts, H. A. 1964. Emergence and longevity in cultivated soil of seeds of some annual weeds. Weed Res. 4:296–307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, H. A. and Feast, P. M. 1970. Seasonal distribution of emergence in some annual weeds. Exp. Hortic. 21:36–41.Google Scholar
Roberts, H. A. and Feast, P. M. 1973. Emergence and longevity of seeds of annual weed in cultivated and undisturbed soil. J. Appl. Ecol. 10:133–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, H. A. and Lockett, P. M. 1978. Seed dormancy and periodicity of seedling emergence in Veronica hederifolia L. Weed Res. 18:41–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, H. A. and Potter, M. E. 1980. Emergence patterns of weed seedlings in relation to cultivation and rainfall. Weed Res. 20:377–386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, H. A. and Ricketts, M. E. 1979. Quantitative relationshipbetween the weed flora after cultivation and the seed population in the soil. Weed Res. 19:269–275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scherm, H. C. and van Bruggen, A.H.C. 1994. Weather variables associated with infection of lettuce by downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) in coastal California. Phytopathology 84:860–865.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stoller, E. W. and Wax, L. M. 1973a. Periodicity of germination and emergence of some annual weeds. Weed Sci. 21:574–580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stoller, E. W. and Wax, L. M. 1973b. Temperature variations in the surface layers of an agricultural soil. Weed Res. 13:273–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swinton, S.M. and King, R. P. 1994. A bioeconomic model for weed management in corn and soybean. Agric. Syst. 44:313–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vleeshouwers, L. M. 1997. Modelling the effect of temperature, soil penetration resistance, burial depth and seed weight on pre-emergence growth of weeds. Ann. Bot. 79:553–563.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, A. and Barnes, A. 1981. Simulation of herbicide persistence in soil: a revised computer model. Pestic. Sci. 12:123–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, R. G., Kerr, E. D., and Nelson, L. A. 1985. Potential for using weed seed content in the soil to predict future weed problems. Weed Sci. 33:171–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar