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Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) resistance to selected ALS-inhibiting herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Christy L. Sprague ,
Edward W. Stoller ,
Loyd M. Wax  and
Michael J. Horak
Christy L. Sprague
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Loyd M. Wax
Affiliation:
USDA/ARS, Crop Protection Research, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Michael J. Horak
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
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Abstract

Imazethapyr-resistant biotypes of Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp were studied to determine the magnitude of resistance and cross-resistance to three acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides. Resistant biotypes of Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp demonstrated > 2,800- and > 130-fold resistance to phytotoxicity of imazethapyr compared to susceptible biotypes, respectively. Concentrations of imazethapyr required for 50% in vivo inhibition of ALS activity were at least > 13,100 and > 1,900 times greater for resistant biotypes of Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp, respectively, compared to susceptible plants. Resistant biotypes of both species demonstrated cross-resistance to the sulfonylurea herbicides thifensulfuron and chlorimuron at the whole plant and enzyme levels, indicating that a less sensitive ALS enzyme confers this resistance to these plants.

Keywords

Chlorimuron, 2-[[[[(4-chloro-6-methoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl] amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acidimazethapyr, 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acidthifensulfuron, 3-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acidcommon waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis Sauer AMATAPalmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. AMAPAHerbicide resistancecross-resistanceacetolactate synthaseAMATAAMAPA
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 45 , Issue 2 , April 1997 , pp. 192 - 197
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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