Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T04:19:35.142Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Path Analysis of Growth Differences Between Weed and Nonweed Populations of Poorjoe (Diodia teres) in Competition by Soybean (Glycine max)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Nicholas Jordan
Nicholas Jordan*
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot., Duke Univ., Durham, NC 27706
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Growth of an agricultural weed population and a coastal nonweed population of poorjoe was compared in a competition experiment with soybean and when grown alone. Mean aboveground biomass production of the weed population was roughly twice that of the nonweed population, whether grown alone or with soybean. A path-coefficient model of growth was fitted to the data in order to compare the populations with respect to five independent measurements of weed growth: establishment rate, early and later growth rates, growth form, and final growth rate. These measurements indicated plant growth over successive intervals of the growing season by statistically equating the size of all plants at the beginning of an interval of growth using analysis of covariance. In general, growth measurements were positively associated with aboveground biomass production. The weed population of poorjoe had a greater establishment rate and a greater early aboveground growth rate compared to the nonweed population; however, the final growth rates of the two populations were similar whether soybean was present or absent. Genetic changes leading to earlier establishment and faster early growth, but not increasing tolerance of soybean and intraspecific competition, may have occurred in the adaptation of poorjoe to an agricultural ecosystem.

Keywords

Poorjoe, Diodia teres Walt. # DIQTEsoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Ransom’Weed biotypesweed evolutionpath analysiscompetitionDiodia teresDIQTE
Type
Special Topics
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 1 , January 1989 , pp. 129 - 136
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Adams, M. W. 1967. Basis of yield component compensation in crop plants with special reference to the field bean, Phaseolus vulgaris . Crop Sci. 7:505–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Assemat, L. and Oka, H. I. 1980. Neighbor effects between rice (Oryza sativa L.) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli Beauv.) strains. I. Performance in mixture and aggressiveness as influenced by planting density. Acta Oecol. Oecol. Plant. 1:371–393.Google Scholar
3. Baker, H. G. 1974. The evolution of weeds. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 5:1–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Billings, W. D. 1935. Some effects of the removal of the “A” horizon on the soil and the vegetation. M. A. Thesis, Duke Univ. Google Scholar
5. Cohen, J. and Cohen, P. 1983. Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Chapter 8. L. Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale.Google Scholar
6. Draper, N. and Smith, H. 1981. Applied Regression Analysis, 2nd ed. Page 108. John Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
7. Harper, J. L. 1977. Population Biology of Plants. Chapters 6–8. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
8. Heiner, T. C. 1970. Competitive ability of five populations of Amaranthus retroflexus L. Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. Michigan.Google Scholar
9. Holzner, W. 1982. Concepts, categories, and characteristics of weeds. Pages 3–20 in Holzner, W. and Numata, M., eds. Biology and Ecology of Weeds. W. Junk, The Hague.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Jordan, N. 1986. Mechanisms of selection leading to population differentiation in Diodia teres, a weedy annual plant. Ph.D. Dissertation, Duke Univ. Google Scholar
11. Kalisz, S. 1986. Variable selection on the timing of germination in Collinsia verma (Scrophulariaceae). Evolution 40:479–491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Krebs, S. and Jain, S. K. 1985. Variation in morphological and physiological traits associated with yield in Limnanthes spp. New Phytol. 101:717–729.Google Scholar
13. Lande, R. and Arnold, S. 1983. The measurement of selection on correlated characters. Evolution 37:1210–1226.Google Scholar
14. Li, C. C. 1975. Path Analysis–A Primer. Boxwood Press, Pacific Grove, CA.Google Scholar
15. McNeilly, T. 1981. Ecotypic differentiation in Poa annua L.: interpopulation differentiation in response to competition and cutting. New Phytol. 88:539–547.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Mitchell-Olds, T. 1987. Analysis of local variation in plant size. Ecology 68:82–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Oka, H. I. and Morishima, H. 1982. Ecological genetics and the evolution of weeds. Pages 73–89 in Holzner, W. and Numata, M., eds. Biology and Ecology of Weeds. W. Junk, The Hague.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Pamplona, P. P. and Mercado, B. 1982. Ecotypes of Rottboellia exaltata L.F. in The Phillipines. III. Competitive relationships with corn (Zea mays L.). Philipp. Agric. 65:395–402.Google Scholar
19. Peters, N. C. 1984. Time of onset of competition and effects of various fractions of an Avena fatua L. population on spring barley. Weed Res. 24:305–315.Google Scholar
20. Radosevich, S. R. and Holt, J. S. 1984. Weed Ecology. Chapter 4. John Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
21. Ramakrishnan, P. S. and Gupta, U. 1973. Ecotypic differences in Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. related to weed-crop interference. J. Appl. Ecol. 9:333–339.Google Scholar
22. Roach, D. A. 1986. Timing of seed production and dispersal in Geranium carolinianum: effects on fitness. Ecology 67:572–576.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23. Ross, M. A. and Harper, J. L. 1972. Occupation of biological space during seedling establishment. J. Ecol. 60:77–88.Google Scholar
24. Roush, M. L. and Radosevich, S. R. 1985. Relationships between growth and competitiveness of four annual weeds. J. Appl. Ecol. 22:895–905.Google Scholar
25. Sokal, R. R. and Rohlf, F. J. 1981. Biometry. 2nd. ed. Pages 509–540. W. H. Freeman, New York.Google Scholar
26. Sokal, R. R. and Rohlf, F. J. 1981. Biometry. 2nd. ed. Pages 617–642. W. H. Freeman, New York.Google Scholar
27. Stanton, M. L. 1985. Seed size and emergence time within a stand of wild radishes (Raphanus raphanistrum L.): the establishment of a fitness hierarchy. Oecologia 67:524–531.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28. Thomas, R. L., Grafius, J. E., and Hahn, S. K. 1971. Transformation of sequential quantitative characters. Heredity 26:198–193.Google Scholar
29. Wright, S. 1977. Evolution and the Genetics of Populations. Volume 3. Experimental Results and Evolutionary Deductions. Pages 316–321. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
30. Wright, S. 1934. The method of path coefficients. Ann. Math. Statistics 5:161–215.Google Scholar
31. Waller, D. 1985. The genesis of size hierarchies in seedling populations of Impatiens capensis Meerb. New Phytol. 100:245–260.Google Scholar