Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-30T21:50:34.706Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Persistence of 2,4,5-T in a Pacific Northwest Forest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

L. A. Norris ,
M.L. Montgomery  and
E.R. Johnson
L. A. Norris
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric. For. Serv. Pac. Northwest For. and Range Exp. Stn., Corvallis, OR 97331
M.L. Montgomery
Affiliation:
Dep. Agric. Chem., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR 97331
E.R. Johnson
Affiliation:
Dep. Agric. Chem., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR 97331
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The concentrations of 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] in four species of vegetation varied from 11 to 115 ppmw immediately after application at 2.24 kg/ha but were less than 0.5 ppmw after 1 yr. The 2,4,5-T level in forest floor declined 90% during the first 6 months after application and less than 0.02 kg/ha remained after 1 yr. There was little leaching of 2,4,5-T from the forest floor into soil and no residues were found deeper than 15 cm. Maximum soil residues did not exceed 0.1 ppmw. Residue levels and dissipation rates of 2,4,5-T were similar after one and two successive annual applications.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 25 , Issue 5 , September 1977 , pp. 417 - 422
Copyright
Copyright © 1977 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Bollen, W.B. 1961. Interactions between pesticides and soil microorganisms. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 15:69–92.Google Scholar
2. Bovey, R.W. and Baur, J.R. 1972. Persistence of 2,4,5-T in grasslands of Texas. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 8:229–233.Google Scholar
3. Brady, A. 1973. Persistence of foliar applied 2,4,5-T in woody plants. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 26:282.Google Scholar
4. Chow, C., Montgomery, M.L., and Yu, T.C. 1971. Methodology and analysis of residues of MCP and 2,4,5-T in wheat. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 6:576–580.Google Scholar
5. Crosby, Donald G. and Wong, Anthony S. 1977. Environmental degradation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Science. In press.Google Scholar
6. Eliasson, L. 1973. Translocation and persistence of 2,4-D in Populus tremula . L. Weed Res. 13:140–147.Google Scholar
7. Erné, K. and von Haartman, U. 1973. Fenoxisyrarester i skogsbar och svamp. Vår föda. 25:146–154.Google Scholar
8. Gratkowski, H. 1975. Silvicultural use of herbicides in Pacific Northwest Forests. U.S. Dep. Agric. For. Serv. Pac. Northwest For. and Range Exp. Stn. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-37. 44 pp.Google Scholar
9. Kearney, P.C., Woolson, E.A., and Ellington, L.P. Jr. 1972. Persistence and metabolism of chlorodioxins in soils. Environ. Sci. Technol. 6:1017–1019.Google Scholar
10. Kearney, P.C., Woolson, E.A., Isensee, A.R., and Helling, C.S. 1973. Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin in the environment: Sources, fate, and decontamination. Environ. Health Perspectives Exp. Issue 5. Sept. 1973. p. 273–277.Google Scholar
11. Kociba, R.J., Keeler, P.A., Park, C.N., and Gehring, P.J. 1975. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD): Results of a 13-week oral toxicity study in rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 35:553–574.Google Scholar
12. Morton, N.L., Robison, E.D., and Meyer, R.E. 1967. Persistence of 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, and dicamba in range forage grasses. Weeds 15:268–271.Google Scholar
13. Norris, L.A. 1966. Degradation of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T in forest litter. J. For. 64:475–476.Google Scholar
14. Norris, L.A. 1967. Chemical brush control and herbicide residues in the forest environment. Pages 103–123 in Newton, M., ed. Proc. Herb. and Veg. Manage. Sym., Oregon State Univ. Corvallis, OR.Google Scholar
15. Norris, L.A. and Greiner, D. 1967. The degradation of 2,4-D in forest litter. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2:65–74.Google Scholar
16. Norris, L.A. 1970. Degradation of herbicides in the forest floor. Pages 397–411. in Youngberg, C.T. and Davey, C.B., eds. Tree Growth and Forest Soils. Oregon State Univ. Press, Corvallis, OR.Google Scholar
17. Norris, Logan A. 1970. The kinetics of adsorption and desorption of 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, picloram and amitrole on forest floor material. Pages 103–105 in 1970 Res. Progr. Reports, West. Soc. Weed Sci. Google Scholar
18. Norris, L.A. 1971. Chemical brush control — assessing the hazard. J. For. 69(10):715–720.Google Scholar
19. Rothacher, Jack, Dyrness, C.T., and Fredriksen, Richard L. 1967. Hydrologic and related characteristics of three small watersheds in the Oregon Cascades. U.S. Dep. Agric. For. Serv. Pac. Northwest For. and Range Exp. Stn. 54 pp.Google Scholar
20. Stevenson, F.J. 1972. Organic matter reactions involving herbicides in soil. J. Environ. Qual. 1:333–343.Google Scholar
21. Way, J.M. 1969. Toxicity and hazards to man, domestic animals, and wildlife from some commonly used auxin herbicides. Residue Rev. 26:37–62.Google Scholar