Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T06:56:39.161Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Persistence of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T in Chaparral Vegetation and Soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

S.R. Radosevich  and
W.L. Winterlin
S.R. Radosevich
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot. and Spec., Univ. of Calif., Davis, CA 95616
W.L. Winterlin
Affiliation:
Dep. Environ. Toxicol., Univ. of Calif., Davis, CA 95616
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The persistence of 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid] and 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] was studied in the chaparral environment. Chamise (Adenostoma fasciculatum H. & A.), grass and forbs, soil surface litter, and soil were sampled for up to 360 days after herbicide (4.5 kg/ha) application. Over 50% of the 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T recovered was found on soil surface litter while 18 to 31% was found on vegetation. Much less herbicide (0.1 to 0.2%) was found in soil (0 to 5 cm) than in foliage or litter. No herbicide residues were found below the 0 to 5 cm soil sample zone. Herbicide residues on foliage and litter decreased rapidly (up to 93%) within 30 days after application but remained constant thereafter until winter rainfall began. Residues of both herbicides were evident in chamise foliage (0.01 to 0.02%), surface litter (0.01 to 0.03%), and soil (0.01%) up to 360 days after application.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 25 , Issue 5 , September 1977 , pp. 423 - 425
Copyright
Copyright © 1977 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Audus, L.J. 1964. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Herbicides. Academic Press, New York. pp. 163–206.Google Scholar
2. Crosby, D.G. and Li, M. 1969. Herbicide photochemical decomposition. Pages 336–341 in Kearney, P.C. and Kaufman, D.D., eds. Degradation of Herbicides. Marcel Dekker, New York.Google Scholar
3. Day, B.E., Johnson, E., and Dewlen, J.L. 1959. Volatility of herbicides under field conditions. Hilgardia 28:255–267.Google Scholar
4. Hanes, T.L. 1965. Ecological studies on two closely related chaparral shrubs in southern California. Ecol. Monogr. 35:213–235.Google Scholar
5. Lavy, T.L., Roeth, F.W., and Fenster, C.R. 1973. Degradation of 2,4-D and atrazine at three soil depths in the field. J. Environ. Qual. 2:132–137.Google Scholar
6. Leonard, O.A. 1956. Studies of factors affecting the control of chamise (Adenostema fasciculatum) with herbicides. Weeds 3:241–254.Google Scholar
7. Lutz, J.F., Byers, G.E., and Sheets, T.J. 1973. The persistence and movement of picloram and 2,4,5-T in soils. J. Environ. Qual. 2:485–488.Google Scholar
8. Morton, H.L., Robison, E.D., and Meyer, R.E. 1967. Persistence of 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T and dicamba in range forage grasses. Weeds 15:268–271.Google Scholar
9. Newman, A.S., Thomas, J.R., and Walker, R.L. 1952. Disappearance of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid and 2,4,5-trichloroacetic acid from soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 16:21–24.Google Scholar
10. Norris, L.A. 1971. Chemical brush control: Assessing the hazard. J. For. 69:715–720.Google Scholar
11. Norris, L.A. and Greiner, D. 1967. The degradation of 2,4-D in forest litter. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2:65–74.Google Scholar
12. Norris, L.A., Montgomery, M.L., and Johnson, E.R. 1975. Residues of 2,4,5-T in the forest. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am., p. 23.Google Scholar
13. Plumb, T.R., Norris, L.A., and Montgomery, M.C. 1977. Persistence of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T in Chaparral Soil and Vegetation. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 17:1–8.Google Scholar
14. Trichell, D.W., Morton, H.C., and Merkle, M.G. 1968. Loss of herbicides in runoff water. Weed Sci. 16:447–449.Google Scholar
15. Wilson, R.G. Jr. and Cheng, H.H. 1976. Breakdown and movement of 2,4-D in the soil under field conditions. Weed Sci. 24:361–365.Google Scholar
16. United States Environmental Data Service. 1974–1975. Climatological Data for California.Google Scholar