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Persistence of Carbamothioate Herbicides in Soils Pretreated with Butylate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Ernest G. Lawrence ,
Horace D. Skipper ,
Dewitt T. Gooden ,
Joseph P. Zublena  and
James E. Struble
Ernest G. Lawrence
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0359
Horace D. Skipper
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0359
Dewitt T. Gooden
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0359
Joseph P. Zublena
Affiliation:
Dep. Soil Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7619
James E. Struble
Affiliation:
Dep. Microbiol., North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105
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Abstract

Field and laboratory studies were conducted to examine effects of prior butylate use on biodegradation of subsequent applications of butylate and four other carbamothioate herbicides. Bioassays were used to demonstrate reductions of butylate and EPTC activity in four soils preconditioned by annual butylate applications. Combining these herbicides with dietholate, an enzyme inhibitor, prolonged persistence and restored normal herbicidal activity. Expected herbicidal efficacy occurred in adjacent plots with no history of carbamothioate use. Prior applications of butylate resulted in cross-adapted degradation of EPTC but not vernolate, pebulate, or cycloate. When samples of Cecil soil were treated in the laboratory with 14C-butylate, evolution of 14CO2 was significantly higher from soils that had received repeated field applications of butylate. The use of 14C-herbkides could be used to predict problem soils and potential herbicide failure.

Keywords

Butylate, S-ethyl bis(2-methylpropyl)carbamothioatecycloate, S-ethyl cyclohexylethylcarbamothioatedietholate, O,O-diethyl-O-phenylphosphorothioateEPTC, S-ethyl dipropylcarbamothioatepebulate, S-propyl butylethylcarbamothioatevernolate, S-propyl dipropylcarbamothioateButylateEPTCvernolatepebulatecycloatedietholatecross-adaptationbiodegradation
Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 38 , Issue 2 , March 1990 , pp. 194 - 197
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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