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Pollen flow between herbicide-resistant Brassica napus is the cause of multiple-resistant B. napus volunteers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Linda Hall ,
Keith Topinka ,
John Huffman ,
Lesley Davis  and
Allen Good
Keith Topinka
Affiliation:
Agronomy Unit, Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, 6903 116 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6H 5Z2
John Huffman
Affiliation:
Regional Advisory Services, Alberta Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development, 1001 Provincial Building, 10320 99 Street, Grand Prairie, AB, Canada T8V 6J4
Lesley Davis
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E9
Allen Good
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E9
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Abstract

A field in which Brassica napus volunteers were not controlled by several applications of glyphosate was investigated in 1998. This field had been planted with glufosinate-resistant and imidazolinone-resistant B. napus in 1997 and was adjacent to a field that had grown glyphosate-resistant B. napus. Mature volunteer B. napus were collected on a 50- by 100-m grid in the field. Progeny from 34 volunteers were sprayed with glyphosate at 440 g ae ha−1, and the survivors were sprayed with either glufosinate or imazethapyr at 400 or 50 g ai ha−1, respectively. Where seed numbers permitted (14 volunteers), seedlings were also sprayed sequentially with glyphosate, glufosinate, and imazethapyr, at 440 g ae ha−1, 400 g ai ha−1, and 50 g ai ha−1, respectively. In total, 15 volunteers had progeny that were between 66 and 82% resistant to glyphosate, consistent with the predicted 3:1 resistant : susceptible ratio. Volunteer B. napus plants with glyphosate-resistant seedlings were most common close to the putative pollen source; however, a plant with glyphosate-resistant progeny was collected 500 m from the adjacent field edge. Seedlings from all nine volunteers collected from the glufosinate-resistant area showed multiple resistance to glyphosate and glufosinate, whereas seedlings from 10 of 20 volunteers collected from the imidazolinone-resistant area showed resistance to imazethapyr and glyphosate. DNA extraction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of seedlings confirmed that mature B. napus volunteers were hybrids resulting from pollen transfer rather than inadvertent seed movement between fields. Two seedlings from the 924 screened were resistant to all three herbicides. Progeny from these self-pollinated individuals were resistant to glyphosate and glufosinate at the predicted 3:1 resistant : susceptible ratio and resistant to imazethapyr at the predicted 15:1 resistant : susceptible ratio. Sequential crossing of three herbicide-resistant varieties is the most likely explanation for the observed multiple herbicide resistance. Integrated management techniques, including suitable crop and herbicide rotations, herbicide mixtures, and nonchemical controls should be used to reduce the incidence and negative effect of B. napus volunteers with multiple herbicide resistance.

Keywords

Brassica napus L., oil-seed rapeALS, acetolactate synthaseEPSP, enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphateglufosinateglyphosateimazethapyrPollen transferherbicide tolerancevolunteer canolaoilseed rape
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 48 , Issue 6 , December 2000 , pp. 688 - 694
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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