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Resistance to glyphosate in Lolium rigidum. I. Bioevaluation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

James Pratley ,
Nigel Urwin ,
Rex Stanton ,
Peter Baines ,
John Broster ,
Kerrie Cullis ,
David Schafer ,
Joseph Bohn  and
Roger Krueger
Nigel Urwin
Affiliation:
Farrer Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2678, Australia
Rex Stanton
Affiliation:
Farrer Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2678, Australia
Peter Baines
Affiliation:
Farrer Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2678, Australia
John Broster
Affiliation:
Farrer Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2678, Australia
Kerrie Cullis
Affiliation:
School of Information Studies, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wigga, New South Wales 2678, Australia
David Schafer
Affiliation:
Monsanto, Life Sciences, St Louis, MO 63167
Joseph Bohn
Affiliation:
Monsanto, Life Sciences, St Louis, MO 63167
Roger Krueger
Affiliation:
Monsanto, Life Sciences, St Louis, MO 63167
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Abstract

Glyphosate is the world's most widely used herbicide. It is nonselective and has been used to control a broad range of weed species for the past 20 yr, without the appearance of resistant weed biotypes. However, a biotype of Lolium rigidum from a field in Northern Victoria, Australia, in which glyphosate had been used for the past 15 yr, failed to be controlled by label recommended rates. Based on LD50 values from pot dose-response experiments, this biotype exhibited resistance to glyphosate and was nearly 10-fold more resistant compared to the susceptible biotypes tested. The biotype was resistant to three different salts of glyphosate. The biotype was also nearly threefold more resistant to diclofop-methyl but was susceptible to other commonly used selective and broad-spectrum herbicides. Between the two-leaf and tillering stages of development, a susceptible biotype exhibited a small but significant decrease in tolerance to glyphosate, whereas tolerance of the resistant biotype remained unchanged with age. The resistant phenotype was verified in experiments in which seed was germinated in the presence of glyphosate. Observations on shoot and root growth of seedlings in these experiments suggested that the resistance mechanism might be associated more with the shoot than with the root.

Keywords

Diclofop-methylglyphosateLolium rigidum Gaud. LOLRIGermination inhibitionvisual injury ratingmultiple resistanceresistance phenotypeherbicide toleranceglyphosate ammoniumglyphosate isopropylamineglyphosate trimesiumbiotypeLOLRI
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 47 , Issue 4 , August 1999 , pp. 405 - 411
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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