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Seed-Soil Microsite Characteristics in Relation to Weed Seed Germination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Mario R. Pareja  and
David W. Staniforth
Mario R. Pareja
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Pathol., Seed and Weed Sci., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011
David W. Staniforth
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Pathol., Seed and Weed Sci., Iowa State Univ., now deceased
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Abstract

Growth chamber and laboratory experiments evaluated the effects of seed-soil microsite characteristics on seed germination. When corn (Zea mays L. ‘Pioneer 3541’), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Corsoy 79’], velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic. ♯ ABUTH), and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm. ♯ SETFA) were seeded among soil aggregates 2.50 to 1.25 cm in diameter in the growth chamber, there was decreased seedling emergence with decreasing frequency of irrigation. These same species seeded inside artificial soil aggregates showed increased seedling emergence with decreasing frequency of irrigation. The germination of corn and soybean seed inside 0.4-g, fully moist soil aggregates incubated in the laboratory under high relative humidity conditions was significantly decreased relative to seed incubated in the absence of soil. Velvetleaf and giant foxtail germination was significantly reduced by 0.1-g soil aggregates. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) had 68% emergence from 1.0-g, fully moist soil aggregates, whereas larger seeded corn and soybean had only 20 and 10% emergence, respectively. Germination inhibition of giant foxtail seed by fully moist soil was partially reversed by incubating seed-containing aggregates in an atmosphere of 75% oxygen.

Keywords

Abutilon theophrastiGlycine maxOryza sativaSetaria faberiZea mayssoil structuresoil aerationsoil aggregatesseed dormancyABUTHSETFA
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 33 , Issue 2 , March 1985 , pp. 190 - 195
Copyright
Copyright © 1985 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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