Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T00:34:46.975Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Soaking Time and Water Temperature Impact on Creeping Bentgrass Seed Germination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Maria Luz Zapiola  and
Carol Ann Mallory-Smith
Maria Luz Zapiola*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
Carol Ann Mallory-Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: maria.zapiola@oregonstate.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Seed deterioration, and therefore seed germination potential, are highly influenced by relative humidity and temperature. However, limited species-specific information is available about the effect of long-term soaking in water on seed germination potential. Knowing the potential fate of a creeping bentgrass seed that falls in an irrigation canal is important for the study of transgene flow in this species at the landscape level. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of soaking time and water temperature on germination of creeping bentgrass seed and to assess how fast a panicle could be moved in an irrigation canal. Germination was determined for seeds from panicles of three cultivars of creeping bentgrass that were soaked in water for up to 17 wk at two water temperatures, 4 and 20 C. Creeping bentgrass seeds did not lose their ability to germinate after 17 wk in water at 20 C and, although reduced, germination was still 46% after 17 wk in water at 4 C. The reduction in germination in seeds from panicles kept in water at 4 C was due to the induction of secondary dormancy, which was overcome by dry seed storage at room temperature. We quantified that a panicle that falls in an irrigation canal has the potential to travel downstream at an average rate of 19 m min−1 and move seeds that could potentially establish seedlings elsewhere. Therefore, movement of creeping bentgrass seed by water has to be considered as a means of gene flow.

Keywords

Creeping bentgrass, Agrostis stolonifera LSeed longevitygene flowseed dispersalseed movementsecondary dormancypanicle dispersal
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 58 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 223 - 228
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Current address: Researcher, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, 1426, Argentina.

References

Literature Cited

Ahrens, W. H., Cox, D. J., and Budhwar, G. 1990. Use of the arcsine and square root transformations for subjectively determined percentage data. Weed Sci. 38:452–458.Google Scholar
Allen, P. S. and Meyer, S. E. 1998. Ecological aspects of seed dormancy loss. Seed Sci. Res. 8:183–191.Google Scholar
AOSA 2002. Rules for Testing Seeds. Ithaca, NY: Association of Official Seed Analysts. 166.Google Scholar
Baskin, J. M. and Baskin, C. C. 1981. Ecology of germination and flowering in the weedy winter annual grass Bromus japonicus . J. Range Manage. 34:369–372.Google Scholar
Baskin, J. M. and Baskin, C. C. 2004. A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Sci. Res. 14:1–16.Google Scholar
Beckman, J. J., Moser, L. E., Kubik, K., and Waller, S. S. 1993. Big bluestem and switchgrass establishment as influenced by seed priming. Agron. J. 85:199–202.10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500020007xGoogle Scholar
Chen, S. S. C. and Varner, J. E. 1973. Hormones and seed dormancy. Seed Sci. Technol. 1:325–338.Google Scholar
Chippindale, H. G. 1934. The effect of soaking in water of the ‘seeds’ of some Gramineae. Ann. Appl. Biol. 21:225–232.Google Scholar
Conn, J. S. and Farris, M. F. 1987. Seed viability and dormancy of 17 weed species after 21 months in Alaska. Weed Sci. 35:524–529.10.1017/S0043174500060495Google Scholar
Copeland, L. O. and McDonald, M. B. 2001. Principles of Seed Science and Technology. 4th ed. Boston: Kluwer. 488.Google Scholar
Eira, M. T. S. and Caldas, L. S. 2000. Seed dormancy and germination as concurrent processes. Rev. Bras. Fisiol. Veg. 12:85–104.Google Scholar
Elias, S. G. and Nelson, E. K. 2009. Impact of glyphosate tolerance gene on seed quality of transgenic bentgrass. Seed Sci. Technol. 37:350–364.Google Scholar
Forcella, F. 1998. Real-time assessment of seed dormancy and seedling growth for weed management. Seed Sci. Res. 8:201–209.Google Scholar
Haferkamp, M. R., Karl, M. G., and Macneil, M. D. 1994. Influence of storage, temperature, and light on germination of Japanese brome seed. J. Range Manage. 47:140–144.Google Scholar
Hancock, D. M. 2004. Biology and Management of Glyphosate-Resistant Creeping Bentgrass. . Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University. 72.Google Scholar
Harrington, J. F. 1972. Seed storage and longevity. Pages 145–245. in Kozlowski, T. T. ed. Seed Biology. Volume 3. New York: Academic.Google Scholar
Hegarty, T. W. 1978. The physiology of seed hybridization and dehydration, and the relation between water stress and the control of germination: a review. Plant Cell Environ. 1:101–119.Google Scholar
Hilhorst, H. W. M. 1998. The regulation of secondary dormancy. The membrane hypothesis revisited. Seed Sci. Res. 8:77–90.Google Scholar
Justice, O. L. and Bass, L. N. 1978. Principles and Practices of Seed Storage. USDA Agricultural Handbook 506. USDA. Washington, DC:. 289 p.Google Scholar
Kidd, F. and West, C. 1918. Physiological pre-determination: the influence of the physiological condition of the seed upon the course of subsequent growth and upon the yield: I. the effects of soaking seeds in water. Ann. Appl. Biol. 5:1–10.Google Scholar
Kidd, F. and West, C. 1919. Physiological pre-determination: the influence of the physiological condition of the seed upon the course of subsequent growth and upon the yield: IV. review of literature, Chapter III. Ann. Appl. Biol. 5:220–251.Google Scholar
Levitt, J. and Hamm, P. C. 1943. A method of increasing the rate of seed germination of Taraxacum kok-saghyz . Plant Phys. 18:288–293.Google Scholar
Maguire, J. D. 1969. Endogenous germination rhythms in seeds. Proc. Assoc. Offic. Seed Anal. 59:95–100.Google Scholar
Meyer, S. E. and Kitchen, S. G. 1994. Life history variation in blue flax (Linum perenne: Linaceae): seed germination phenology. Am. J. Bot. 81:528–535.Google Scholar
Morinaga, T. 1926. Germination of seeds under water. Am. J. Bot. 13:126–140.Google Scholar
Phaneendranath, B. R. and Funk, C. R. 1981. Effect of storage conditions on viability, after-ripening and induction of secondary dormancy of Kentucky bluegrass seed. J. Seed Technol. 6:9–22.Google Scholar
Shull, G. H. 1914. The longevity of submerged seeds. Plant World. 17:329–337.Google Scholar
Simpson, G. M. 1990. Seed dormancy in grasses. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 308.Google Scholar
Tilford, P., Abel, C. F., and Hibbard, R. P. 1925. An injurious factor affecting the seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris soaked in water. Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 4:345–356.Google Scholar
Toole, V. K. and Koch, E. J. 1977. Light and temperature controls of dormancy and germination in bentgrass seed. Crop Sci. 17:806–811.10.2135/cropsci1977.0011183X001700050033xGoogle Scholar
Vleeshouwers, L. M., Bouwmeester, H. J., and Karssen, C. M. 1995. Redefining seed dormancy: an attempt to integrate physiology and ecology. J. Ecol. 83:1031–1037.Google Scholar
Zapiola, M. L., Campbell, C. K., Butler, M. D., and Mallory-Smith, C. A. 2008. Escape and establishment of transgenic glyphosate-resistant creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera in Oregon, USA: a 4-year study. J. Appl. Ecol. 45:486–494.Google Scholar