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Texas Gourd (Cucurbita texana) Control with Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

C. Douglas Boyette ,
George E. Templeton  and
Lawrence R. Oliver
C. Douglas Boyette
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Path., Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
George E. Templeton
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Path., Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
Lawrence R. Oliver
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Path., Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
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Abstract

An indigenous soil-borne fungus was isolated from infected seeds and seedlings of Texas gourd [Cucurbita texana (A.) Gray] and evaluated as a mycoherbicide. The pathogen was identified as Fusarium solani App. & Wr. f. sp. cucurbitae Snyd. & Hans. Only Cucurbita species were susceptible in host range tests. Ample quantities of microconidia for greenhouse and field plot inoculum were produced in shake culture on Richards' solution. Granular inoculum for field plot tests was produced in 5% (w/w) cornmeal/sand medium. In controlled-environment experiments, inoculated Texas gourd seedlings were killed over a range of air temperatures from 16 to 40 C. Optimum air temperature for disease development was 26 to 30 C. Complete kill of 4- and 8-cm-tall seedlings was achieved after 3 weeks when sprayed until runoff with a microconidial suspension containing 2.0 × 106 spores/ml. Texas gourd seedlings were effectively controlled in field plots (99% maximum) with liquid or granular inoculum. Soil samples from infested plots indicated that the fungus persists up to 12 months in a fine sandy loam, but after 12 months inoculum levels were insufficient to cause disease on seedlings grown under optimum conditions for disease development.

Keywords

Glycine maxmycoherbicidesoil-borne pathogen
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 32 , Issue 5 , September 1984 , pp. 649 - 655
Copyright
Copyright © 1984 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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