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Uncovering Plant Growth-Mediating Allelochemicals Produced by Soil Microorganisms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Sarah M. Carver ,
Nadia Nikulin  and
Jenny Kao-Kniffin
Sarah M. Carver
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 134A Plant Science Building, Ithaca, NY 14853
Nadia Nikulin
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 134A Plant Science Building, Ithaca, NY 14853
Jenny Kao-Kniffin*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 134A Plant Science Building, Ithaca, NY 14853
*
Corresponding author's email: jtk57@cornell.edu
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Abstract

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Coevolving interactions between a plant population and its microbiota can potentially yield a rhizosphere enriched in metagenomes containing the blueprints for a vast array of natural products. We describe a method of isolating those metabolites through activity-based screening of soil metagenomic libraries. The method allows for the isolation of small molecules produced in vector–host expression systems containing large-insert DNA fragments extracted from the target plant rhizospheres. Allelopathic activities derived from selected clones were screened against a series of controls. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) showed similar effects of the set of controls on lettuce growth, whereas annual bluegrass had a broader range of growth responses. Methanol extracts from clones indicating activity showed distinct patterns in grass seedling growth from the empty vector control, but the same extracts showed no effect on lettuce. The results indicate that the metagenomics method and bioassay screen of clone extracts are tools that can be used for initial determination of allelopathic activity from noncultured soil microbiota.

Keywords

Annual bluegrass, Poa annua L.lettuce, Lactuca sativa L.Allelochemicalbioherbicidemetagenomicsnatural productphytotoxic
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 119 - 128
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America

Footnotes

Associate editor for this paper: Franck E. Dayan, USDA-ARS.

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